skin Flashcards
macule
small spot, not palpable
patch
large spot, not palpable
papule
small bump
plaque
large bump
vesicle
small bubble
bulla
large bubble (blister)
pustule
puss containing bubble (zit)
scale
shedding of keratin
crust
dried blood, serum etc.. on skin (scab)
excoriation
loss of skin from scratching / picking
erosion
open wound, loss of epidermis
ulcer
deeper open wound, complete/partial loss of dermis
first degree burn
superficial , red
second degree burn
partial thickness, blistering
third degree burn
full thickness , necrosis
how to tell third degree burns
touch n it doesn’t hurt
Ulcer below the ankle is ___ , above is
arterial
venous
Phase of wound healing
inflammation (24-2wks) - clear debris
proliferative - red tissue fill hole
remodelling (months) - scar w mechanical strength
primary versus secondary intention healing
surgical is primary
name two types of scars
hypertrophic and keloid
hypertrophic scar
thick, excess amount
keloid scar
thick scare, extends beyond original wound
types of infection to skin
bacterial, fungal , viral
superficial or deep
bacterial
fungal
both
s
most common viral infections
herpes and varicella zoster
psoriasis
immune system over active
5 features of psoriasis vulgarisms
plaque well circumscribed margins bright salmon colour silvery scale symmetric
sites of predilection psoriasis
extensor surfaces (elbows ,knees) scalp, ears palms, soles belly button dick shins nails
complications of psoriasis
physical bleeding
emotional - self esteem
economic -meds
risk of cardio disease
risk of psoriatic arthritis
treatment psoriasis
topical cremes
phototherapy
T/f eczema can be endo or exogenous
t
clinical feature of endogenous eczema
pruritus (flexor areas)in front of elbow
treat endo eczema
avoid alc
moisturizers
topical
phototherapy
difference endo and exo exzema
endo - atropic, in your. body
exo - contact
seborrheic dematitis
high gland activity (scalp, face, chest back)
clinical features seborrheic dematitis
dandruff
associated disorder w seborrheic
Parkinson , hiv
lupus
localized or systemic
associated w butterfly rash, raynaud
positive serum
scleroderma / sclerosis
provokes mastic fibrotic tissue response
associated w raynauds
dermatomyositis / poly
mm weakness
types of benign skin tumours
seborrheic
melanocytic
seborrheic keratosis
greasy, warty, raised, well margined
melanocytic nevi
moles, smalle uniform
basal cell carcinoma
low risk of spreading to other organs
may be eroded
superficial blood vessels
types of BCC
nodular
superficial
sclerosing
squamous cell carcinoma
volcano shapes
higher risk of spreading
malignant melanoma
highest potential to spread
prognosis depends on melanoma thickness in the skin
ABCDE rule for melanoma
assymettry borders (weird?) colour diameter (small better) evolving or eccentric
major risk for skin cancer
history
sun exposure
lots of moles
when should you suspect skin cancer
sore doesn’t heal in reasonable time
changing moles
ABCDE rule
how to decrease risk of skin cancer
early med eval avoid sun 11-3 sun protection (hats, clothes, shade, sunscreen)
