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Med Term Exam 5 > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Adip/o

A

fat

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2
Q

Albin/o

A

white

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3
Q

Cutane/o

A

skin

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4
Q

Derm/o

Dermat/o

A

skin

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5
Q

Diaphor/o

A

profuse sweating

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6
Q

Erythem/o

Erythemat/o

A

redness

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7
Q

Hidr/o

A

sweat

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8
Q

Icthy/o

A

dry, scaly

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9
Q

Kerat/o

A

hard

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10
Q

Lip/o

A

fat

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11
Q

Myc/o

A

fungus

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12
Q

Onych/o

A

nail

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13
Q

Pil/o

A

hair

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14
Q

Py/o

A

pus

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15
Q

Trich/o

A

hair

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16
Q

Ungu/o

A

nail

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17
Q

Xer/o

A

dry

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18
Q

Albino

A

person w/ skin deficient in melanin

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19
Q

Integumentary system

A

skin, hair, nails

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20
Q

Paronychium

A

soft tissue surrounding nail border

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21
Q

Pruritus

A

itching

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22
Q

Leuk/o

A

white

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23
Q

Anthrac/o

A

black

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24
Q

Melan/o

A

black

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25
Q

Chlor/o

A

green

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26
Q

Cirrh/o

A

tawny yellow

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27
Q

Cyan/o

A

blue

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28
Q

Eosin/o

A

rosy

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29
Q

Jaund/o

A

yellow

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30
Q

Lute/o

A

yellow

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31
Q

Xanth/o

A

yellow

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32
Q

Poli/o

A

gray

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33
Q

Primary skin lesions

A

Develop on previously unaltered skin; macule, papule, patch, plaque, nodule, wheal, tumor, urticaria (hives), vesicle, bulla, pustule, cyst

34
Q

Macule

A

Small spot (<1cm), just a color change, not palpable. Ex) freckle, flat nevus (mole), hypopigmentation, petechiae, measles, scarlet fever, drug eruptions, 1st degree burns

35
Q

Papule

A

Solid, elevated, palpable, circumscribed lesion (<1/2cm). Ex) elevated/compound nevus (mole), lichen planus, verucca (wart)

36
Q

Patch

A

Macule that’s >1cm. Ex) vitilgo, eccymosis

37
Q

Plaque

A

Papules coalesce wider than 0.5cm to form a plateau-like disc-shaped lesion. Ex) psoriasis, lichen planus

38
Q

Nodule

A

Solid, elevated lesion >0.5cm (may be hard or soft). May extend deeper into dermis than a papule, often firmer as well. Ex) xanthoma, fibroma, intradermal nevus, hypertrophic nodule, keratocanthoma

39
Q

Tumor

A

Large nodule/lesion >a few cm in diameter, may be firm or soft, benign or malignant. Extends deeper into dermis. Ex) lipoma, hemangioma

40
Q

Wheal

A

Superficial, raised, transient & erythematous area of localized skin edema (irregular shape). Ex) mosquito bites, allergic reaction, dermatographism, urticaria (aka hives; wheals coalesce to form extensive reactions, intensely pruritic)

41
Q

Vesicle

A

An accumulation of fluid between the upper layers of the skin producing an elevation covered by a translucent epithelium that is easily punctured to release the serous fluid. Up to 0.5cm. Ex) herpes simplex 1&2, early varicella, herpes zoster, contact dermatitis

42
Q

Bulla

A

Superficial (in epidermis), thin walled, single chambered (unilocular) lesion >0.5cm that’s filled w/ serous fluid. Ex) friction blister, pemphigus, 2nd degree burns, contact dermatitis

43
Q

Pustule

A

Tiny circumscribed & elevated abscesses in the skin. Frequently arise from hair follicles or sweat glands. Cavity is pus filled & covered by translucent skin, can appear milky, orange, yellow, green depending on infecting organism. Ex) impetigo, acne, folliculitis

44
Q

Cyst

A

Encapsulated, fluid-filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer that tensely elevates skin. Often appear like papules or nodules. Can puncture to biopsy contents. Ex) sebaceous cyst

45
Q

Patchy, asymmetric balding that accompanies severe illness or use of chemotherapy

A

Toxic Alopecia

46
Q

Sudden appearance of a sharply circumscribed, round or oval balding patch, usually w/ smooth or hairless skin underneath

A

Alopecia areata

47
Q

Linear or oval patch of hair loss along hair-line, due to things like hair rollers, tight braiding & tight pony tail

A

Traumatic/Traction alopecia

48
Q

Tramatic, self-induced hair loss usually due to compulsive twisting or plucking. Can be a serious problem in adults & is usually a sign of a personality disorder

A

Trichotillomania

49
Q

Inflammatory condition mostly affecting the face, resulting in comedones, papules, pustules, nodules & occasionally scarring. Onset most frequently at puberty although it can develop in the 3rd/4th decades of life. Food has little effect on development. Menstrual cycle may increase or decrease incidence, as may pregnancy.

A

Acne

50
Q

Injury to tissues by heat contact

A

Burns

51
Q

Heat contact injury w/ superficial epidermal lesions, erythema, pain, no blisters.

A

1st Degree Burn

52
Q

Heat contact injury w/ epidermal & dermal lesions, erythema, pain & blisters. Partial-thickness.

A

2nd Degree Burn

53
Q

Heat contact injury w/ destruction of epidermis, dermis & subcutaneous layers. Charred white tissue. Full-thickness.

A

3rd Degree Burn

54
Q

Inflammation of the cells indicating an acute spreading infection of the dermis & subcutaneous tissues resulting in pain, erythema, edema & warmth. Usually occurs when microorganisms invade disrupted skin.

A

Cellulitis

55
Q

Chronic, recurrent, pruritic inflammatory skin disorder. Mostly associated w/ a family or personal history of allergies/asthma or a secondary bacterial infection. Unknown cause. Signs/symptoms; constant pruritis (which produces erythema & lichenification of the skin), lesions on the face/neck/upper trunk (characteristic distribution) also antecubital & popliteal fossa. Treated w/ creams & avoidance of offending organisms

A

Eczema (atopic dermatitis)

56
Q

Rash of the skin due to a viral infection, very common in children. Examples include; varicella, erythema infectiosum, coxsachie virus.

A

Exanthematous viral disease

57
Q

Local death of soft tissue due to disease or injury associated w/ loss of blood supply. Increased risk w/ diabetes. Signs/symptoms; pain, foul odor, dark skin, crepitation. Treated w/ surgical debridement.

A

Gangrene

58
Q

Infection caused by staph aureus (Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci/ GABHS) which enter through damaged skin & are transmitted through direct contact. After infection, new lesions may be seen on the patient w/ no apparent break in the skin although they frequently will demonstrate some physical damage upon close examination. “honey-colored crusts”.

A

Impetigo

59
Q

Chronic, recurrent skin disorder characterized by well-defined erythematous plaques w/ a silvery scale. Knees & elbow are most common sites. Also see pitting nails & oncholysis (separation of the nail plate from the nail bed).

A

Psoriasis

60
Q

Mite infection; burrow in finger webs, flexor surfaces (elbows, axillary folds), areola, belt line. Causes intense pruritis & often secondary infections caused by intense scratching. All contacts must be treated w/ permethrin applied all over body for minimum 12 hours

A

Scabies

61
Q

Chronic, progressive disease of the skin w/ hardening & shrinking of connective tissues. More common in women.

A

Scleroderma/PPS (Progressive Systemic Sclerosis)

62
Q

Butterfly pattern rash on face associated w/ this disease

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

63
Q

Fungal infection of the skin

A

Tinea (Corporis, pedis, pubis, capitis)

64
Q

Acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin. Associated w/ itching & swelling & angioedema

A

Urticaria (Hives)

65
Q

Swelling around the face

A

Angioedema

66
Q

Acquired condition of the complete absence of melanin in patchy areas of skin. Can occur in all races. White/light lesions are prone to sunburn. Associated w/ Addison’s disease, DM, pernicious anemia, thyroid disease & head trauma.

A

Vitilgo (aka leukoderma)

67
Q

Increased growth of keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction

A

Callus

68
Q

Hypertrophied, thickened scar. Blacks more prone to this condition.

A

Keloid

69
Q

Painless skin tumors characterized by a thickened epithelial area, mostly caused by HPV

A

Verruca (warts)

70
Q

Most common type of wart

A

Verruca vulgaris

71
Q

Plantar wart

A

Verruca plantaris

72
Q

Venereal wart

A

Condyloma acuminatum

73
Q

Most common form of skin cancer, also known as a rodent ulcer. Occurs mostly on sun-exposed area particularly upper lip, ear lobes, and hairline. Genetic predisposition in light skinned individuals. Metastasis is rare. Characteristic lesion is shiny, slow-growing papule w/ a pearly border w/ telangiectasia and a central ulcer.

A

Basal cell carcinoma

74
Q

Vascular tumor of skin and viscera. Red-blue violaceous tumors associated w/ AIDs

A

Kaposi sarcoma

75
Q

Aggressive, rapidly growing tumor originating from the melanocytes. May metastasize to any region of the body. Leading cause of death from skin diseases. Blistering intermittent sunburns and intense sun exposure increases risk.

A

Malignant melanoma

76
Q

ABCDE’s for Melanoma

A 
Asymmetry
Borders are irregular
Color Variation (esp blue/black)
Diameter >6mm
Elevation
77
Q

Malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis. Associated w/ chronic sun exposure in light skinned people (male>female). Treated w/ excision.

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

78
Q

Best suited for use in light skinned patients for treatment of benign lesions in most non hair-bearing areas of the body including actinic keratosis, solar lentigo, seborrheic keratosis, viral wart, molluscum contagiosum, and dermatofibroma.

A

Cryosurgery

79
Q

Use of an electrical current to destroy cancerous or abnormal tissue and control bleeding.

A

Electrodessication

80
Q

A procedure in which skin cancers are excised at a 45 degree angle w/ subsequent identification of residual tumor using light microscopy. This method provides total histological control of the surgical margins and achieves the lowest recurrence rate w/ maximal preservation of uninvolved tissue.

A

Mohs micrographic surgery

Med Term Exam 5 (4 decks)

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