Skin Flashcards
How does the body respond to tissue injury involving inflammation and regeneration?
Injury: increased tissue concentrations of pathogens, toxins, waste products, chemicals from injured cells
1) Injury occurs and damaged cells release 3Ps; prostaglandin, protein, potassium.
- stimulates mast cell activation
2) Mast cell activation ******* fuck this is annoying as hell
What are the primary (2) layers of the skin superficial to a supportive layer?
Cutaneous membrane; epidermis and dermis
What is the epidermis? (cell type)
A special type of stratified squamous epithelial tissue that produces a large amount of fibrous protein (keratin).
Tough and protective, but relies on the dermis for nutrients as it is avascular
What is the dermis? (tissue type)
Made up of dense irregular connective tissue and loose areolar that is vascularized and contains sweat and oil glands, and sensory receptors
papillary - areolar
reticular - irregular
What is the hypodermis?
Subcutaneous tissue, containing adipose tissue that serves to insulate our bodies and anchors the skin to underlying structures
What occurs as a result of skin aging? What are its effects on repair of skin?
during aging process:
- skin loses elastic fibres from the dermis and subcutaneous tissue diminishes, causing skin to wrinkle and sage
- skin becomes dry as glandular activity declines
- decreased ability to lose heat ans blood supply to dermis is reduced
- macrophages and immune cell population decreases to 50%
- skin repair can be twice as slow
- muscles and bones weaken due to 75% decrease in vitamin D3 production (which affects Ca2+ and PO4 absorption)
- decubitus ulcers: pressure sores occur when pressure is continually applied to skin, soft tissue, muscle and bone in excess of the capillary filing pressures 32mmHg; can lead to irreversible tissue damage
- stretch marks: tearing of the dermis due to extreme stretching leaving visible lines (striae)
