Skin

Question 1

Function of skin (7)

Answer 1

1.Protection: resist penetration, abrasion & block foreign material
2.Containment: prevent body liquid lost
3.Thermoregulation: retention and dissipation of heat
4.Immunology defense
5.Sensory abilities
6.Communication
7.Appendages: nails, hair, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

Question 2

Skin layers (3) and their characteristic

Answer 2

Epidermis: stems cells differentiate and going up and gradually keratinized
Dermis: reticular
Hypodermis: adipose tissue

Question 3

4 layers +1structure in Epidermis
Describe cells in each layer+identify special structure

Answer 3

Stratum corneum: stratified squamous, keratinized epithelium; dead cells
Stratum granulosum: stratified squamous epithelium, contain keratohyalin granules
Stratum spinosum: polygonal cells connect by desmosome
Stratum greminativum: simple columnar epithelium
Basement membrane

Question 4

Types of Epithelium

Answer 4

1. Simple: squamous/cuboidal/columnar
2. Stratified
   -squamous(keratinized/non-keratinized)/cuboidal/columnar
   -transitional
3. Pseudostratified

Question 5

Types of Epithelium

Answer 5

1. Simple: squamous/cuboidal/columnar
2. Stratified
   -squamous(keratinized/non-keratinized)/cuboidal/columnar
   -transitional
3. Pseudostratified

Question 6

What is epithelium tissue?

Answer 6

Epidermis

Question 7

What is the layer between stratum corneum and stratum granulosum? And its function & position

Answer 7

Stratum lucidum: protect from fiction, palm

Question 8

What is callus?

Answer 8

Partially differentiated keratinocytes, more keratin than stratum corneum

Question 9

How to stain the basement membrane?

Answer 9

P.A.S (periodic acid-Schiff)
-Periodic acid change glucose to aldehyde, and stained by Schiff reactant
-Used for demonstrate carbohydrates, give sugar dark purple color

Question 10

How to stain the basement membrane?

Answer 10

P.A.S (periodic acid-Schiff)
-Periodic acid change glucose to aldehyde, and stained by Schiff reactant
-Used for demonstrate carbohydrates, give sugar dark purple color

Question 11

Components of BM (4)

Answer 11

1.Proteoglycans: core protein+GAGs (glycoaminoglycans) 50% sugar-50% protein
2.Glycoproteins: 10% sugar-90% protein
3.Collagen
4. A layer of reticular fibers underlies BM

Question 12

Functions of Basal Lamina =BM (5)

Answer 12

1. Structural attachment of epithelial cells to connective tissue
   2.Compartmentalization: isolate epithelial cells and muscle cells
   3.Filtration: in kidney
   4.Help to maintain the polarity of the epithelial tissues
   5.Tissue Scaffolding

Question 13

Characteristics of all epithelial tissue (6)

Answer 13

1.Cells are closely associated with little extracellular space
2.Cells are strongly attached via intracellulaire junctions
3.Line body surfaces and body cavities
4.Specialization: absorption, secretion, sensation, contractility
5.Cells are polarized
6.Epithelial tissue rest on a basement membrane