Skin Flashcards
What is keratin?
A protien that provides skin with waterproofing properties
What is the combining form if keratin?
Kerat/o
What’s the other name for dermis?
Corium
What is perception?
The ability to recognize sensory stimuli
What us tactile perception?
The ability to recognize touch sensation
Define fibroblast
Fiber producing cells. I.e. Collagen
Define collagen
Tough, flexible, fibrous protein found in skin, bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments
What does the integumentary system consist of?
Skin and appendages (appendages includes glands, hair, fur, wool, feathers, hooves, nails…)
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Sebum
What are ductules
Ducts
Why are sebaceous glands considered holocrine glands?
Because the secreting cells and their secretions make up the discharge produced
What are, and where are sudoriferous glands?
Sweat glands. They’re located in the dermis
What are sudoriferous glands divided into?
Eccrine glands (produce and secrete water, salt or sweat) and apocrine glands (secrete odorous substances into hair follicles)
Define hidrosis
Excess production of sweat
What is the combining form of sweat?
Hidr/o
What do anhidrosis and hyperhidrosis mean?
Anhidrosis is abnormal reduction of sweating
Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating
What are ceruminous glands?
Modified sweat glands in the ear cabal which secrete cerumen (earwax)
What are the combining forms for hair?
Pil/i
Pil/o
Trich/o
What is the hair shaft composed of?
Cuticle
Cortex
Medulla
What are hair follicles
Tubes that hold hair fibers
What are arrector pili
Tiny muscles attached to the hair follicle which cause the hair to stand
What is piloerection
Hair standing straight up
Compare fur to pelt
Fur is short, fine soft hair
Pelt is skin in addition to fur or hair
What are guard hairs
Primary hair/topcoat
Long, straight, stiff hairs that form thr outer coat
What are secondary hairs
The undercoat. Fine, soft wavy hair.
Includes wool
What are tactile hair
Vibrissae
Long brittle sensitive hair usually located on the face
What are cilia
Thin, short hairs
Ex. Eyelashes
What is simple pattern hair growth
Guard hairs that grow from seperate follicular openings, as in cattle
What is compound pattern hair growth
Multiple guard hairs that grow from single follicles, as in dogs
What is shedding
Normal hair loss caused by temperature, hormones, photoperiod (light), nutrition and other nondisease causes
Where are walls normally located
Normally located dorsal and lateral to the distal phalanx
Where are soles normally located
Normally located ventral to the distal phalanx and usually is flaky
What are foot pads
Tori. Provides cushioning and protection for the bones of the foot
Where are digital pads normally located on cats and dogs
On the Palmar and plantar surfaces
Where are metacarpal and metatarsal pads located
On the Palmar and plantar surfaces of the metatarsal areas respectively
Where are carpal pads located
On the carpus
What does -grade mean?
To go
Why ate dogs and cats called digitigrade animals
Because they walk with their toes, with only digital and metacarpal and metatarsal pads making contact with the ground
What is quick
Connective tissue beneath the wall and sole of nails and claws which contain numerous blood vessels and nerve endings
What is quickening
Trimming the nail or claw to the level of the dermis
What us the combining form for claw
Onych/o
What ate ungulates
Hooved animals such as equine, ruminants and swine
What is the combining form of hoof
Ungul/o
Define corium
The dermis of the hoof, located under the epidermal surfaces of the hoof wall, sole and frog. Corresponds to quick
What are dewclaws
Rudimentary bones
What are chestnuts and ergots
Chestnuts are found on equine and are the same as carpal pads on dogs.
Ergots are on equine and correspond to metacarpal and metatarsal pads on dogs