Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is keratin?

A

A protien that provides skin with waterproofing properties

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2
Q

What is the combining form if keratin?

A

Kerat/o

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3
Q

What’s the other name for dermis?

A

Corium

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4
Q

What is perception?

A

The ability to recognize sensory stimuli

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5
Q

What us tactile perception?

A

The ability to recognize touch sensation

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6
Q

Define fibroblast

A

Fiber producing cells. I.e. Collagen

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7
Q

Define collagen

A

Tough, flexible, fibrous protein found in skin, bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments

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8
Q

What does the integumentary system consist of?

A

Skin and appendages (appendages includes glands, hair, fur, wool, feathers, hooves, nails…)

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9
Q

What do sebaceous glands secrete?

A

Sebum

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10
Q

What are ductules

A

Ducts

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11
Q

Why are sebaceous glands considered holocrine glands?

A

Because the secreting cells and their secretions make up the discharge produced

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12
Q

What are, and where are sudoriferous glands?

A

Sweat glands. They’re located in the dermis

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13
Q

What are sudoriferous glands divided into?

A

Eccrine glands (produce and secrete water, salt or sweat) and apocrine glands (secrete odorous substances into hair follicles)

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14
Q

Define hidrosis

A

Excess production of sweat

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15
Q

What is the combining form of sweat?

A

Hidr/o

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16
Q

What do anhidrosis and hyperhidrosis mean?

A

Anhidrosis is abnormal reduction of sweating
Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating

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17
Q

What are ceruminous glands?

A

Modified sweat glands in the ear cabal which secrete cerumen (earwax)

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18
Q

What are the combining forms for hair?

A

Pil/i
Pil/o
Trich/o

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19
Q

What is the hair shaft composed of?

A

Cuticle
Cortex
Medulla

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20
Q

What are hair follicles

A

Tubes that hold hair fibers

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21
Q

What are arrector pili

A

Tiny muscles attached to the hair follicle which cause the hair to stand

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22
Q

What is piloerection

A

Hair standing straight up

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23
Q

Compare fur to pelt

A

Fur is short, fine soft hair
Pelt is skin in addition to fur or hair

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24
Q

What are guard hairs

A

Primary hair/topcoat
Long, straight, stiff hairs that form thr outer coat

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25
Q

What are secondary hairs

A

The undercoat. Fine, soft wavy hair.
Includes wool

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26
Q

What are tactile hair

A

Vibrissae
Long brittle sensitive hair usually located on the face

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27
Q

What are cilia

A

Thin, short hairs
Ex. Eyelashes

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28
Q

What is simple pattern hair growth

A

Guard hairs that grow from seperate follicular openings, as in cattle

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29
Q

What is compound pattern hair growth

A

Multiple guard hairs that grow from single follicles, as in dogs

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30
Q

What is shedding

A

Normal hair loss caused by temperature, hormones, photoperiod (light), nutrition and other nondisease causes

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31
Q

Where are walls normally located

A

Normally located dorsal and lateral to the distal phalanx

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32
Q

Where are soles normally located

A

Normally located ventral to the distal phalanx and usually is flaky

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33
Q

What are foot pads

A

Tori. Provides cushioning and protection for the bones of the foot

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34
Q

Where are digital pads normally located on cats and dogs

A

On the Palmar and plantar surfaces

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35
Q

Where are metacarpal and metatarsal pads located

A

On the Palmar and plantar surfaces of the metatarsal areas respectively

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36
Q

Where are carpal pads located

A

On the carpus

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37
Q

What does -grade mean?

A

To go

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38
Q

Why ate dogs and cats called digitigrade animals

A

Because they walk with their toes, with only digital and metacarpal and metatarsal pads making contact with the ground

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39
Q

What is quick

A

Connective tissue beneath the wall and sole of nails and claws which contain numerous blood vessels and nerve endings

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40
Q

What is quickening

A

Trimming the nail or claw to the level of the dermis

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41
Q

What us the combining form for claw

A

Onych/o

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42
Q

What ate ungulates

A

Hooved animals such as equine, ruminants and swine

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43
Q

What is the combining form of hoof

A

Ungul/o

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44
Q

Define corium

A

The dermis of the hoof, located under the epidermal surfaces of the hoof wall, sole and frog. Corresponds to quick

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45
Q

What are dewclaws

A

Rudimentary bones

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46
Q

What are chestnuts and ergots

A

Chestnuts are found on equine and are the same as carpal pads on dogs.
Ergots are on equine and correspond to metacarpal and metatarsal pads on dogs

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47
Q

What does the word biopsy break down into

A

Bi/o (life)
-opsy (view of)

48
Q

What’s the difference between incisional and excisional

A

Incision is to cut into tissue

Excision is to cut out of tissue

49
Q

What is the difference between horns and antlers

A

Horns are permanent
Antlers grow back

50
Q

What is a polled animal

A

Animal breeds which ate normally hornless

51
Q

Define culture

A

Diagnostic or research procedure used to allow microbes to reproduce in predetermined media

52
Q

What does exfoliative mean

A

Falling off

53
Q

Define abrasion

A

Injury in which superficial layers are scraped

54
Q

What is caseous

A

A way to describe the pus from an abscess. Cheese-like

55
Q

What do clogged sebaceous glands cause

A

Acne

56
Q

What does alopec/o mean

A

Baldness

57
Q

Define atopy

A

Hypersensitivity reaction in animals involving puritis with secondary dermatitis. Allergies.

58
Q

Define bullae, or bulla

A

Multiple or singular skin elevations filled with fluid that are greater than 0.5 cm in diameter

59
Q

Define carbuncle

A

A cluster of furuncles. Which is a localized skin infection in a gland or hair follicles. Aka a boil.

60
Q

What is the combining form for cancerous

A

Carcin/o

61
Q

Define cellulitis

A

Inflammation of connective tissue

62
Q

Define comedo

A

Blackhead or buildup of sebum and keratin in a pore.

63
Q

Define contusion

A

Injury that does not break the skin

64
Q

Define crust

A

Collection of dried sebum and cellular debris

65
Q

Define cyst

A

Closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

66
Q

Define dermatocellulitis

A

Inflammation of skin and connective tissue

67
Q

Define ecchymosis

A

Bruise

68
Q

Define ecthyma

A

Skin infection with shallow eruptions caused by pox virus. Aka soremouth

69
Q

Eczema

A

General term for inflammatory skin disease

70
Q

Define erythema

A

Skin redness

71
Q

What are the combining forms of red

A

Erythr/o
Erythem/o
Erythrmat/o

72
Q

Define exanthema

A

Cutaneous rash caused by fever

73
Q

Define excoriation

A

Skin surface injury caused by self trauma

74
Q

Define fissure

A

Crack like sore

75
Q

Define fistula

A

Abnormal passage from internal organ to the body surface or between two organs

76
Q

What is the root word for tube or pipe

A

Fistul/o

77
Q

Define wheal

A

A smooth, slightly elevated swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin. Usually accompanied by itching

78
Q

Define gangrene

A

Necrosis associated with loss of circulation

79
Q

Define putrefaction

A

Decay that produces a foul smelling odor

80
Q

Define granuloma

A

Small area of healing tissue

81
Q

Define hemangioma

A

Benign tumor composed of newly formed blood vessels

82
Q

Define hyperkeratosis

A

Abnormal condition of increased growth of the horny layer of the skin

83
Q

Define pediculosis

A

Lice infestation

84
Q

Define mange

A

Common term for skin disease caused by mites

85
Q

Define chiggers

A

Infestation of mite larvae causing severe puritis

86
Q

Define laceration

A

Accidental cut into the skin

87
Q

Define lesion

A

Pathological change of tissue used to describe abnormalities in many locations

88
Q

Lipoma

A

Fatty tumor

89
Q

Define macule

A

Flat, discolored lesion, less that 1cm diameter

90
Q

Define nodule

A

Small knot protruding above the skin

91
Q

Define papilloma

A

Benign epithelial growth that is lobed

92
Q

What’s the root word for nipplelike

A

Papill/o
Papill/i

93
Q

Define papule

A

Small, raised skin lesion less than 0.5cm diameter

94
Q

Define paronychia

A

Bacterial or viral infection of the claw

95
Q

Define patch

A

Localized skin color change greater than 1 CM in diameter

96
Q

Define petechiae

A

Small, pinpoint hemorrhages

97
Q

Define polyp

A

Growth in mucous membranes

98
Q

What are the two types of purpura

A

Ecchymosis and petechia

99
Q

What’s the root word for pus

A

Py/o

100
Q

Define pyoderma

A

Skin disease containing pus

101
Q

Define sarcoma

A

Malignant neoplasm of soft tissue arising from connective tissue

102
Q

What is the combining form of flesh, or malignancy of connective tissue

A

Sarc/o

103
Q

What does cicatrix or cicatrices mean

A

Scar

104
Q

What is a sebaceous cyst

A

Closed sac of yellow fatty material

105
Q

Define seborrhea

A

Skin condition characterized by overproduction of sebum (oil)

106
Q

Define ulcer

A

Erosion of skin or mucous membrane

107
Q

What’s the other word for decubital ulcer

A

Bedsores

108
Q

Define urticaria

A

Hives. Localized areas of swelling

109
Q

Define verrucae

A

Warts

110
Q

Define supperation

A

The process of pus forming

111
Q

Define cauterization

A

Destruction using electric current, heat, or chemicals

112
Q

Define cryosurgery

A

Destruction of tissue using extreme cold

113
Q

Define debridement

A

Removal or tissue and foreign material to aid healing

114
Q

Define lance

A

To open or pierce with a lancet to allow drainage

115
Q

Define laser

A

Device that transfers light into an intense beam for various purposes.