Skin Flashcards
epidermis summary
produces vitamin D
contains living and dead cells
provides barrier to external environment
responsible for skin pigmentation
protects skin from UV damage
contains antigen presenting cells
doesnt contain blood vessels
dermis summary
main location of sensory nerves
contains small muscles
contains sebaceous glands
contains glands that help with thermoregulation
contains hair follicles
contains adipose tissue
hypodermis
contains adipose tissue
skin epithelium
keratinised stratified squamous
layers of epidermis in skin from deep to superficial
stratum basale betroots
stratum spinosum soil
stratum granulosum glows
stratum lucidum lovely
stratum corneum colours
stratum basale
Mitotic activity going on, cells are cuboidal/columnar and basophilic. Cells move upwards.
stratum spinosum
Thickest layers, cells are polyhedral shaped cells with centrally located nucleus Langerhans cells present.
straum granulosum
3 – 5 layers, shape of cells is flat, stain basophilic (purple) because of keratohyaline granules (have proteinous material in them) in them that help with keratinisation.
stratum lucidum
translucent (eosinophilic) (only present in thick skin)
stratum corneum
horny layer with dead keratinocytes + enucleated (which originated in basale and have migrated all this way up) – you lose that skin layer/desquamate – this layer is replenished every few weeks.
melanocyte
skin pigment, produces melanin and UV ray protection
langerhans
antigen presenting cells
merkel sensory receptor
light touch stimulus
dermis layers
Papillary layer contains small blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and the sensory receptors, Meissner’s corpuscles.
Reticular layer contains larger nerves and blood vessels, glands, hair follicles, and the sensory receptors, Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini end organs.
merocrine gland
sweat, predominant in most areas, thin secretion (exocytosis/secretory vesicle going out, cell intact)
apocrine gland
sweat, only in axillary and pubic areas, thick secretion (part of cells leaves with the secretory vesicle – hence thicker secretions)
sebaceous/holocrine gland
sebum, the whole cell detached and goes out with the vesicle – hence sebum is thick. spindle cell shape and stratified cuboidal glandular epithelium
ruffini sensory receptor
touch and pressure
pacinian sensory receptor
vibration and pressure, onion, in dermis and hypodermis
meissners sensory receptors
light touch, bulb, found in papillary dermis
krause end bulb sensory receptors
low frequency vibration
Enterocytes
Absorb water and electrolytes
Tuft cells
Antimicrobial defence
Goblet cells
Secrete mucous
Don’t take up h and e stain so appear colourless
