Gut Flashcards
oesophagus epithelium and main cell type
non-keratinised stratified squamous. squamous cells
stomach epithelium and main cell type
simple columnar. mucous cells, parietal cells and chief cells
small intestine epithelium and main cell type
simple columnar. enterocytes, goblet cells and paneth cells
large intestine epithelium and main cell type
simple columnar. goblet cells and absorptive cells
rectum epithelium
simple columnar
junction epithelium
stratified cuboidal
anal canal epithelium
stratified squamous
skin around anus
keratinised stratified squamous
4 layers of the gut from deep to superior
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, adventita/serosa
mucosa
Mucosa- sublayers include:
epithelium (mucous production and protection),
lamina propria (capillary rich absorption and mucosa; associated lymphoid tissue aka MALT) and
muscularis mucosa (localised movements, separates mucosa from submucosa)
submucosa
Submucosa- highly vascularized: enhances nutrient absorption, assists the passage of bolus (mucous glands present), contains the submucosal (Meissner) nerve plexus: controls muscle cells and glandular secretions
muscularis externa
outer longitudinal and inner circle layer (oblique layer in stomach), function is peristaltic activity, contractions of the muscularis are generated and coordinated by the myenteric plexus.
adventita/serosa
made up of loose connective tissue (provides support and integrity, if the region of the alimentary canal is intraperitoneal, it is invested by peritoneum, and the simple squamous epithelial covering is known as the serosa . If the organ is retroperitoneal, it adheres to the connective tissue of the body wall by its dense irregular connective tissue component and is known as the adventitia. The peritoneum is the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.
surface lining cell
manufacture hormones
regenerative cell
proliferate to replace the other cells lining the glands