Skills Questions Flashcards
(a)Discuss a range of possible impacts of climate change.
You should support your answer with specific examples.
(b) Describe strategies used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
(a) - sea level rises caused by thermal expansion of the oceans (1) and by the melting of glaciers and land based ice caps (1)
- low lying coastal areas will suffer flooding (1) leading to large scale displacement of people (1) and loss of land for farming and destruction of property (1)
-there will be more extreme and more variable weather such as flooding and droughts (1) and more frequent and intense hurricanes due to increased sea temperatures (1)
-there will be an increase of precipitation, particularly in the winter in northern countries (1) increase in extent of tropical borne diseases as warmer areas expand (1)
-predicted extinction of some land species, due to habitat loss (1)
-a more frequent el niño (1) leads to changes in the monsoon (1)
(b) Recycling
- individuals can reduce, reuse and recycle products so that less refuse is sent to landfill sites where it releases methane (1)
- methane gas is captured at landfill sites and used for energy production (1)
Heating Homes
- households could reduce energy consumption by better insulating their homes (1)
- new buildings in Scotland will use heating systems that produce zero direct emissions at the point of use (1)
- government policies encourage the use of smart meters improving energy efficiency (1)
International Agreements
- world leaders gather to discuss methods to limit carbon emissions and cooperate to tackle the climate crisis (1)
- at COP 26 Glasgow (1 EG) there was an explicit to reduce use of coal responsible for 40% of annual CO2 emissions (1)
(a) For a water-related disease you have studied, describe the physical and human causes of the disease.
(b) Water-related diseases need investment in strategies to combat them.
Referring to a water related disease you have studied, explain the strategies used to manage the disease.
(a) Physical Causes:
- temperatures must be between 15-40 degrees (1)
- at least 60% humidity (1)
- stagnant water is required for the mosquito to lay larvae (1)
Human Causes:
- exposed skin allows mosquito to bite sleeping residents (1)
- paddy fields where people work exposing them (1)
- high levels of poverty mean the simplest prevention methods are unaffordable (1)
- a lack of education in some areas means people aren’t aware of the transmission risk factors of malaria
(b) - spray pesticides on the insides of walls in homes in attempt to kill the mosquitoes (1) e.g. DDT (1 EG)
- putting larvae-eating fish into stagnant ponds or paddy fields (1)
-flushing reservoirs every seven days (1) as it takes longer than this period of time for the larva to develop into adult mosquitoes (1)
-Covering standing water and water storage cans, near to homes and villages to reduce breeding grounds (1) e.g. the Oxfam bucket (1 EG)
-Medication to kill the parasite (1) such as Malarone (1 EG)
-Medicine trials have produced a safe vaccine (1) such as R21 (1 EG)
-specially designed mosquito traps use CO2 to mimic animals and humans (1)
