Skill Characteristics, Transfer And Practice keywords Flashcards
Skill
The learned ability to bring about predetermined results with the minimum outlay of time, energy or both
Open skill
A skill performed in an unpredictable environment
Closed skill
A skill performed in a predictable environment
Gross skill
A skill that uses larger muscle groups
Fine skill
A skill that uses smaller muscle groups
Self-paced skill
When the performer controls the start and control of the skill
Discrete skill
A skill that has a clear beginning and end
Externally paced skill
When the performer has no control over the start and speed of skill
Serial skill
A skill that contains several discrete skills in order to make a more integrated movement
Low organised skill
A skill that is easily broken into parts
High organised skill
A skill that is not easily broken into parts
Simple skill
A skill that requires few decisions when being performed
Complex skill
A skill that requires decision making using lots of information when performed
Transfer
The effect of the learning and and performance of one skill on the learning and performance of another
Positive transfer
When the learning of one skill helps the learning of another
Negative transfer
when the learning of one skill hinders the learning of another
Zero transfer
When the learning of one skill has no impact on the learning of another
Bilateral transfer
When the learning of one skill is passed across the body from limb to limb
Whole practice
Practising the skill in its entirety
Whole-part-whole practice
Assessing the skill, identifying a weakness to practise, then putting the skill back together
Progressive part practice
Practising the first part of the skill then adding parts gradually, sometimes called chaining
Chaining
Linking the sub-routines, or parts of a task, together in order when practising. The first two parts are learned, then the third part is added; that part is learned and added to the first two, and so on
Massed practice
No rest intervals
Continuous
Used for discrete and simple skills and when the environment is closed
Distributed practice
Rest intervals
Used when skill is continuous and performer may need a break
Used for open, complex and externally paced skills
Mental practice
Going over the skill in the mind without movement
Varied practice
Changing the practice type and the practice drills
