Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A Level PE- Mrs Rex > Skill Acquisition > Flashcards

Skill Acquisition Flashcards

1
Q

What is a closed skill?

A

A skill performed in a predictable environment (e.g a penalty)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an open skill?

A

A skill performed in an unpredictable environment, performer has to adjust and react to the situation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a gross skill?

A

Large movements using lot’s of muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a fine skill?

A

Small movements using few muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a self paced skill?

A

When the performer controls the start and the speed of the skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an externally paced skill?

A

When the performer has no control over the start and the speed of the skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a discrete skill?

A

Has a clear beginning and end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a continuous skill?

A

Has no start and finish, and is or can be continued.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a serial skill?

A

Skill that contains several discrete skills in order to make a more integrated movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a high organisation skill?

A

A skill that is not easily broken into parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a low organisation skill?

A

A skill that is easily broken into parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a simple skill?

A

A skill that requires few decisions when being performed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a complex skill?

A

A skill that requires decision making using lot’s of information when performed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 7 characteristics of a skill?

A

FACE, LACE:
- Learned
- Accurate
- Controlled
- Efficient
- Fluent
- Aesthetically pleasing
- Consistant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a positive transfer?

A

When skills/ attributes from another sport help you learn a skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a negative transfer of learning?

A

When skills/ attributes from another sport negatively impact you learning a skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is bilateral transfer of learning?

A

When learning of one skill is passed across the body from limb to limb (left hook transferred to right hook).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is zero transfer of learning?

A

When skills/ attributes from other sports have no impact on your learning of a skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Whole practice?

A

Practising the skill in it’s entirety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are disadvantages of whole practice?

A
  • May be too much information to take in and learn.
  • Not for beginners.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are advantaged of whole practice?

A
  • Fluency (feel of the skill)
  • Develops understanding
22
Q

What is Whole-Part-Whole practice?

A
  • Do the whole task.
  • Isolate weakness, work on it.
  • Put it back into whole task.
23
Q

What are the disadvantages to whole-part-whole practice?

A
  • Time consuming
  • Some skills can’t be broken down
24
Q

What are the advantages of whole-part-whole practice?

A
  • Outlines your specific weakness, then corrects it.
  • Can be used to improve performance at all levels.
25
Q

What is progressive part practice?

A

Each part of a skill is added gradually (‘chaining’).

26
Q

What are the disadvantages of progressive part practice?

A
  • Time consuming
  • If first part is incorrect, all is lost through negative transfer
27
Q

What are the advantages of progressive part practice?

A
  • Keeps links between parts.
  • Stages of success gives motivation.
  • Reduces danger.
    Reduces fatigue.
28
Q

What is massed practice?

A

A skill is practiced until it is learnt (e.g free throw in basketball).

29
Q

What are the disadvantages of massed practice?

A
  • Requires a high level of fitness.
  • Can’t be used by beginners.
  • No time for feedback.
30
Q

What are the advantages of massed practice?

A
  • Forms motor programs.
  • Increase fitness.
  • Efficient.
31
Q

What is distributed practice?

A

When a skill is learnt across multiple sessions with breaks in between (e.g practicing technique in swimming).

32
Q

What are the disadvantages of distributed practice?

A
  • Time consuming
  • Negative transfer may occur
33
Q

What are the advantages of distributed practice?

A
  • Allows recovery.
  • Less mental pressure.
  • Allows for feedback.
  • Reduces danger.
34
Q

What is variable practice?

A

When you change the skills and drills and you change the type of practice (e.g a pass in football).

35
Q

What are the disadvantages of variable practice?

A
  • Time consuming
  • Possibility of negative transfer
  • Fatigue
  • Too demanding
36
Q

What are the advantages of variable practice?

A
  • Builds a schema
  • Gives motivation
  • Allows adaptation
37
Q

What is mental practice?

A

Go over it in the mind without movement (e.g trampoline gymnast going over a routine before they perform).

38
Q

What are the disadvantages of mental practice?

A
  • Must be correct
  • Environment must be calm
39
Q

What are the advantages of mental practice?

A
  • Improves reaction time
  • Builds motor programs
  • Builds confidence
  • Controls/ reduces anxiety
40
Q

What is the leaning plateau?

A

Learning plateau is when an athlete reaches a level of performance that they cannot improve on. This is due to them acquiring an autonomous feel for specific skills. This usually leads to drive reduction.

41
Q

What causes a learning plateau?

A
  • Goals have been reached
  • Poor coaching
  • Boredom
  • Loss of motivation
42
Q

What is manual guidance?

A

Physical support, such as holding a gymnast on a vault during a headstand.

43
Q

What is mechanical guidance?

A

A device used to help performance such as an armband in swimming.

44
Q

What is extrinsic feedback?

A
  • Outside source
  • e.g coaches and teammates
45
Q

What is intrinsic feedback?

A
  • Comes from within (yourself)
46
Q

What is negative feedback?

A
  • Outlines weakness
  • Helps people improve
  • Can demotivate people
47
Q

What is positive feedback?

A
  • Outlines peoples strengths
  • Can provide motivation
  • Can cause arrogance
48
Q

What is the Social learning theory (observational learning) suggested by Bandura?

A
  • All our behaviour is learned in some way.
  • Bandura suggests that learning takes place by watching others and trying to copy it.
  • Bandura says that for behaviour to be copied the model has to be reinforced (e.g success).
  • ARM: Attention, Retention, Motor Reproduction, Motivation.
49
Q

What is the constructivism theory (social development) suggested by Vygotsky?

A
  • Interaction with others can produce learning by social development.
  • You learn from more knowledgable others (‘MKO’).
  • Learning from coaches is initially started through ‘inter psychological learning’. This includes: advice, feedback, tactical knowledge.
  • Then a cognitive process called ‘intra psychological learning’ takes place (actual learning).
50
Q

What is the ‘Zone of proximal learning’?

A

Assesses what a performer needs to do next to develop a skill/ performance:
1. What can I do alone?
2. What can I do with help?
3. What can I not do yet?

51
Q

What is insight learning, suggested by Gestalt?

A
  • Performer uses existing knowledge to form an idea of how to deal problematic sporting situations.
  • Performers face sporting problems, then have to come up with a solution and then try it.
  • Behaviour is then changes/adapted.
  • If the solution works it can give athletes intrinsic motivation and a sense of satisfaction.
  • Encourages the performer to think for themselves and develops the cognitive process.
  • ‘Focus on the whole task’.
52
Q

What is the behaviourist theory (operant conditioning) suggested by Skinner?

A
  • Trial and error learning.
  • Shapes behaviour through reinforcement.
  • Operant conditioning works by strengthening the stimulus response bond.
  • Positive reinforcement increases likelihood of behaviour through rewards.
  • Negative reinforcement implements an ‘unpleasant stimulus’ then likelihood of behaviour is increased due to this being removed.
  • Punishment is applying an unpleasant stimulus to make sure behaviour doesn’t happen again.

A Level PE- Mrs Rex (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions