skeleton Flashcards
define biogical profile
is the profile of a human life prior to and through their death
What does a skeleton tell us
It tell us about the life or death of a person or animal
What is a forensic anthropology
Is the application of the study of human to situation of modern legal or public concern
How many bones does the human skeleton have
206 bones
What are the function of a bone
The function of a bone is to support motion protection and growth
Explain more of the function of the bone
The infractruture for attachment as support of soft tissue - attachment allow bones to act as a lever providing motion power by the muscle at the joint hard bone protects soft organs from physical damage bones that are center of growth from in infancy through early adulthood
can Bones become stronger or weaker
Bones could be added or subtracted boning materials as needed over time this could be a response due to stress
what are the antamotical position
Superior inferior left right midial lateral proximal distal anterior(ventral) and posterior(dorsal)
What is the human skeleton
Vetrebrae- cervical thoracic, lumbar
- scapula
-sternum
- ribs
- clavicle
- humerus
- radius (leteral )
- ulna (medial )
- carpals
- metapals
- hand phalanges
- femur
- pelvis
- sacrum
- tibia( medial )
- fibula ( lateral )
- patella
- tarsals
- metatarsals
- toe phalanges
What is the axial skeleton
Is the set of eighty bows within the central cord of the body this include bone in your skull( cranial and facial bones) ears neck and back ( verte, sacrum, and tailbone) also including the rib cage( sternum and ribs )
What does appendiculars skeleton consist of
It consists of 126 bones it’s composed of bones of the upper limbs, the lower limbs, the pectoral girdle and the pelvis girdle
What are the skull structure
The skull features and bones are the frontal ( forehead)
- parietal ( back of the skull )
- occiptical ( lower bottom of the skull)
temporal( the side of the skull )
- nasal (nose area )
- maxilla ( chin )
- foramen magnum ( the hole of the neck)
define fontanels
Known as a soft spot
Fibrous region that haven’t been converted to bone yet
Allow compression during birth we could feel pulse
- allow flexibility to allow for growth and it could no longer be feel after 22 to 24 months after birth
-
What is the mandible
It is the lower jaw
the strongest bone in the face joint temporal bones and freely movable joint in the skull
house lower teeth
define the hypoid bone
only bone in the body that doesnt articulate with any other bone in the body
suspended in mid neck region
moveable base for the tongue
attachment point for neck muscles
define compact bone
is the hard outer layer of the bone
it is dense, smooth and homogenous
define spongy bones
it is the inner layer that is infrastructure of the bones
- it contain red bone marrow
- increase structural strength
what is bone marrow
is a fatty acid that housed blood generating tissue
what is the center of a long bone called
medullary cavity which contain yellow bone marrow
define epiphysis
is the end of the long bone
- the thin layer of compact bone enclosing area of the spongy bone
- it contain the articular cartige
- it callous bones
- and it the epiphyseal plate
define long bone
long bones are wide
- have shaft with head at both ends
- mostly compact bone
- ex; femur, ulna, radius
head ( proximal )
the middle is ( diaphyseal )
the end ( distal )
define diaphysis
is the shaft of the bone( middle)
- it contain the marrow cavity, compact bone
- periosteum
define artivular cartilage
it is the smooth slippery surface( found in both end of the bone )
- joint surfaces
what is the vertebral column
is the transits weight of trunk to lower limbs
- surrounds and protect spinal cord
- extends from the skulls( which it support to the pelvis
there is 26 irregular bones
- connected by ligaments
what is the order of the spinal column
cervical ( 7 )
thoacic ( 12)
lumbar ( 5)
sacrum ( 5 fused together )-
coccyx(4 fused together )
what is the intervertebral disc
separate single vertebrae
pad made of flexible fibrocartilage
absorb shock and cushion
what are the numerial order of the vertebrae
7 cervial vertebrar (c1-c7) which allow you to nod yes and turn your head
- 12 thoracic vertebrae ( larger than cervical vertebrae, and support ribs and internal organs
5 lumbar vertebrae( L1-L5) Massive block like bodies , and they hold most of the body weight
what are the number of vertebrae in the sacrum and coccyx
the sacrum is fused with 5 vertebrae and articulate with L5
the coccyx is fuse with 3 to 5 small irregular shaped vertebrae which is known as the tail bone
what is the thoracic cage
is consist of the sterum, the 12 pair of rib, thoracic vertebrae.
FUNCTION
- Protect vital organs of thoracic cavity
- support shoulder girdle and upper limb
- privde attachent site for muscles include intercostal muscles used during breathing
