Skeletal Terms Flashcards
Appendicular
Pertaining to a limb or appendage
Arthralgia
Pain in the joint
Arthroplasty
Surgical repair of the joint
Articulation
Connection between bones; a joint
Axial
Pertaining to midline
Bursa
Fibrous sac lined with a synovial membrane and contains synovial fluid. Cushions areas subject to friction during movement.
Bursitis
Inflammation of bursa
Cartilage
Creates a smooth surface for motion within the joints and protects the ends of the bones
Compound fracture
Broken bone pierces the skin, chance of infection
Condyle
Rounded projection at the end of the bone that anchors the ligaments and articulates with adjacent bones
Costal
Pertaining to the ribs
Diaphysis
Shaft of the bone
Diarthroses
Joints that have full movement
Dislocation
Bone is completely out of place in the joint
Epiphysis
Ends of the bone
Flat bone
A bone with a thin, flattened shape
Fontanel
Soft spot of the skull. Cartilage has not yet hardened into bone between skull bones
Foramen
Opening of bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass
Fracture
Broken bone
Gout
Joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystal deposits in joint space, attack is usually extremely painful. First attack affects big toe.
Hematopoesis
The formation of blood in the living body
Herniated disk
An abnormal protrusion of a spinal disk between vertebrae, most often in lumbar region of the spine, painful due to pressure on spinal nerves
Irregular bone
Peculiar or complex form, such as vertebrae
Kyphosis
Outward curvature of the thoracic spine
Ligaments
Fibrous tissues connect bone to bone
Long bone
Longer than they are wide, limbs, such as femur
Lordosis
Concave curvature of the spine
Lumbago
Lower back pain
Osteoarthritis
Most common form of arthritis, usually occurring after middle age, chronic breakdown of cartilage in joints leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling
Osteoblasts
Cells that build bone
Osteoclasts
Cells that break down bone
Osteocytes
Mature bone cells, involved with maintenance of the bone
Osteomyelitis
Infection of the bone, usually caused by a bloodborne pathogen that infects bone and/or bone marrow
Osteoporosis
Bone becomes porous, breaks more easily, common in women after menopause
Periosteum
Tough membrane covering the bone
Prosthesis
Substitute for diseased or missing part of the body
Rheumatoid arthritis
Chronic autoimmune disease, inflammation of joints, marked deformities, manifestations of systemic affliction
Scoliosis
Lateral curvature of the spine
Sequestrum
Dead bone tissue occurring within diseased or injured bone, typically in chronic osteomyelitis
Short bone
Dimensions are roughly equal, layer of cortical substance enclosing spongy substance and marrow
Subluxation
Partial dislocation
Symphysis
Cartilaginous joint. Where two bones joint and are held firmly together, function as one bone
Synovial membrane
Lines synovial joints, secrete synovial fluids
Synovial fluid
Lubricant that allows for smooth joint movements
