Muscular Terms

Question 1

Atrophy

Answer 1

Wasting away caused by lack of use

Question 2

Atonic

Answer 2

Lacking muscular tone

Question 3

Intramuscular

Answer 3

Pertaining to within a muscle

Question 4

Excitability/irritability

Answer 4

Ability to receive and respond to stimuli via generation of an electrical pulse, causes contraction of the muscle cells

Question 5

Contractility

Answer 5

Ability to shorten

Question 6

Extensibility

Answer 6

Ability to be stretched/extended

Question 7

Elasticity

Answer 7

Ability of a muscle fiber to recoil and resume its resting length

Question 8

Myocardium

Answer 8

Heart muscle

Question 9

Origin

Answer 9

Proximal attachment site of muscle, does not move during contraction

Question 10

Insertion

Answer 10

Distal attachment site, moves with contraction

Question 11

Body/belly

Answer 11

Main part of muscle

Question 12

Agonist

Answer 12

Prime mover

Question 13

Antagonist

Answer 13

Opposes the action of another muscle

Question 14

Synergist

Answer 14

Helps prime movers by producing same movement or reducing unnecessary movement

Question 15

Muscle

Answer 15

A bundle of muscle fibers that have the power to contract and produce movement

Question 16

Tendon

Answer 16

Connects muscle to bone

Question 17

Ligament

Answer 17

Connects bone to bone

Question 18

Contracture

Answer 18

Abnormal shortening of muscle tissue, highly resistant to stretching

Question 19

Muscular dystrophy

Answer 19

Group of inherited disorders where strength and muscle bulk gradually decline

Question 20

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 20

Interrupts the communication between nerve and muscle and causes weakness, autoimmune disease

Question 21

Strain

Answer 21

Injury to muscle body or tendon attachment due to overstretching or overexertion

Question 22

Sprain

Answer 22

Wrenching or twisting of a joint, partial rupture of its ligaments

Question 23

Muscle spasm

Answer 23

Persistent increased tension and shortness in a muscle or group of muscles, cannot be releases voluntarily

Question 24

Tetanus

Answer 24

Causes painful muscular contractions, bacterial, spread through a wound exposed to contaminated soil

Question 25

Hypertrophy

Answer 25

Increase in the size of a tissue or organ caused by enlargement of individual cells. Normal response to increased demand ex. exercise

Question 26

Myopathy

Answer 26

Any disease of a muscle

Question 27

Paraplegia

Answer 27

Paralysis of both legs and lower part of body

Question 28

Hemiplegia

Answer 28

Paralysis of one side of the body

Question 29

Quadriplegia

Answer 29

Paralysis of all four extremities

Question 30

Fascia

Answer 30

Band or sheet of connective tissue beneath skin that attaches, stabilizes, encloses, and separates muscles and organs

Question 31

Eversion

Answer 31

Turning out

Question 32

Inversion

Answer 32

Turning in

Question 33

Protraction

Answer 33

Pulling forward

Question 34

Retraction

Answer 34

Backward pulling

Question 35

Rotation

Answer 35

Bone turning on its axis

Question 36

Circumduction

Answer 36

Carrying around, circular movement around point of attachment

Question 37

Extension

Answer 37

Stretching out, increasing angle of joint

Question 38

Flexion

Answer 38

Decreasing angle of joint

Question 39

Abduction

Answer 39

Carrying away from midline

Question 40

Adduction

Answer 40

Carrying toward the midline

Question 41

Supination

Answer 41

Turning palm upward

Question 42

Pronation

Answer 42

Turning palm downward

Question 43

Dorsiflexion

Answer 43

Bending back

Question 44

Plantarflexion

Answer 44

Pointing toes