Skeletal System Part 1 Flashcards
COMPONENTS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
• Bones
• Cartilages
• Tendons
• Ligaments
TWO SUBDIVISIONS OF THE SKELETON
• Axial Skeleton
• Appendicular Skeleton
What are the functions of the Skeletal System?
1) Support
2) Movement
3) Protection
4) Blood cell formation
5) Storage
• Minerals
• Triglyceride storage
The skeleton has _ bones
206 bones
Two Basic Types of Bone Tissue
1) Compact Bone
2) Spongy Bone
• Dense and looks smooth
• Homogeneous
Compact Bone
• Small needle-like pieces of bone
• Many open spaces
Spongy Bones
Shape Classification of Bones
1) Long Bone
2) Short Bone
3) Flat Bone
4) Irregular Bone
• Thin, flattened, and usually curved
• Two thin layers of compact bone surround a layer of spongy bone
Flat bones
Examples of Flat Bones
• Skull
• Ribs
• Sternum
• Irregular shape
• Do not fit into other bone classification categories
Irregular bones
Examples of Irregular bones
• Vertebrae
• Hip bones
• Typically longer than they are wide
• Shaft with heads situated at both ends
• Contain mostly compact bone
• All of the bones of the limbs (except wrist, ankle, and kneecap bones)
Long bones
Examples of Long bones
• Femur
• Humerus
• Generally cube-shaped
• Contain mostly spongy bone
• Includes bones of the wrist and ankle
• Sesamoid bones are a type of short bone which form within tendons (patella)
Short bones
Examples of Short bones
• Carpals
• Tarsals
Cylinder-like shape, longer than it is wide
Long Bones
Examples are Femur, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals, phalanges
Long Bones
Function leverage
Long Bones
Cube-like shape, approximately equal in length, width, and thickness
Short Bones
Function is to Provide stability, support, while allowing for some motion
Short Bones
Examples are Carpals, tarsals
Short Bones
Thin and curved
Flat Bones
Functions is to Points of attachment for muscles; protectors of internal organs
Flat Bones
Examples are Sternum, ribs, scapulae, cranial bones
Flat Bones
Complex shape
Irregular Bones
Function is to Protect internal organs
Irregular Bones
Examples are Vertebrae, facial bones
Irregular Bones
Small and round; embedded in tendons
Sesamoid Bones
Protect tendons from compressive forces
Sesamoid Bones
Example is Patella
Sesamoid Bones
The structure of bones make it both _
strong and light weight
__ % of an adults body weight is bone
20 %
Bone is made up of 2 minerals:
• Calcium
• Phosphorus
