Skeletal System Notecards Flashcards
Appendicular skeleton
Bones of the limbs
Functions of skeletal system
Support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation
4 bone shape classification
Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones
Diaphysis
Shaft, makes up most of the bones length, composed of compact bone
Epiphysis
The ends of the long bone
Epiphyseal plate
Growth plate found in young, growing bones
Articular cartilage
Covers the surface of the epiphysis
Periosteum
Covers the diaphysis with a connective tissue
Red bone marrow
For adults is found in flat bones and the epiphysis of some long bones
Yellow bone marrow
Located inside diaphysis
Storage place for adipose tissue
Firms red blood cells for infants
Ligaments
Join bone to bone
Ball and socket
Action, free movement in all directions, shoulder and hip
Hinge
Action, bending only in one direction. Elbows, knees, and between phalanges
Pivot
Action, rotating and swiveling. Neck bones, Lowe arm bones.
Plane
Action, limited movement sideways and up and down, between carpals and between tarsal bones
Synovial fluid
Fluid secreted by synovial membrane which lubricates joint surfaces and nourishes articular cartilage
Bursa
Lubricating sacs located around friction areas in joints
Synovial membrane
Membrane surrounding joints providing a smooth surface and secrete lubricating fluid creating a fluid filled cushion between moving parts
Elbow
Humorous, radius, ulna
Knee
Femur, tibia, fibula, patella
Collar bone
Clavicle
Shoulder blade
Scapula
Jaw
Mandible
Fingers and toes
Phalanges
Wrist
Carpals
Ankle
Tarsals
Calcaneous
Heel bone
Cervical vertebrae
Neck
Thoracic vertebrae
Chest
Lumbar vertebrae
Lower back
Arthritis
An inflammation of a joint that eventually distorts the location of the bones, usually accompanied by pain
Bursitis
An inflammation of a bursa, especially one located between bones and muscles or tendons as in the shoulder or knee joints
Osteoporosis
A bone condition in which calcium is removed more rapidly than it is replaced causing softening of bones: common in the elderly
Rheumatism
Soreness and stiffness of muscles and pain joints
Rickets
A disorder of infants caused by a deficiency of vitamin D; the bones become soft, and legs become bowed
Ruptured disc
When the cartilage disc between the vertebrae in the back becomes flattened and protrudes outward
Dislocation
The temporary displacement of a bone from its joint, ligaments and tendons may be torn in several cases
Axial skeleton
Bones that form the trunk area of the body
