Skeletal System

Question 1

Approximately how many bones do dogs have?

Answer 1

320

Question 2

What are some functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 2

Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and hematopoiesis

Question 3

Irregular Bones can be found where?

Answer 3

Vertebrae, facial bones

Question 4

Bone is composed of:?

Answer 4

25% water, 30% organic matter, and 45% inorganic matter

Question 5

What are the 4 different types of bones?

Answer 5

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.

Question 6

What are the differences between cancellous and compact bone?

Answer 6

Compact bone is found in the shafts of long bones and the outer part of flat bones. Compact bones are dense and the bone cells are close together. Cancellous bone is found at the ends of the long bones and in the centre of flat bones. Cancellous bone is less dense and has red bone marrow where red blood cells and some white blood cells are produced.

Question 7

What is the main difference between Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts?

Answer 7

Osteoclasts are large cells that dissolve the bone. Osteoblasts are cells that form new bone.

Question 8

Define Condyle

Answer 8

A condyle is usually a large, round articular (joint) surface. They have a somewhat syndrical shape. Examples: Distal end of the humerus and femur.

Question 9

Define Foramen

Answer 9

A hole in a bone is called a formen. Usually something important such as a nerve or blood vessel, passes through a foramen in a bone, but there are exceptions. Two large foramen in the pelvis simply to lighten the pelvis.

Question 10

Define Fossa

Answer 10

A fossa is a depressed or sunken area on the surface of a bone. Fossae are usually occupied by muscles or tendons.

Question 11

Define Sinus

Answer 11

A hollow area or cavity of the bone. There are two types of sinuses blood filled and air filled.

Question 12

Define Process

Answer 12

Process includes all the lumps, bumps, and other projections on a bone. In general, the larger the process, the more powerful the muscular pull on the area of that bone.

Question 13

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 13

Hyaline, Elastic, and Fibrocartilage.
Hyaline cartilage is the most common and is found wherever bones connect (long ends of bones in joints).
Elastic cartilage is very flexible and is found in the ears of an animal.
Fibrocartilage is very rigid and is found in the spaces between the vertebrae and the spine.

Question 14

What is the most freely moving joint in the body?

Answer 14

Synovial joints are the most freely moving joints in the body.

Question 15

Tendons VS. Ligaments

Answer 15

Tendons attach muscle to bone, they are an extension of muscle, and they are located right next to the nervous fibers. Tendons are easier to heal than ligaments. Ligaments attach bone to bone, they are found at the articulating ends of bones, and they have no connection with nerve fibers.

Question 16

What is the purpose of the bursae?

Answer 16

The bursae is a fluid filled sacs which help facilitate joint movement. It provides cushioning and reduces friction between surfaces.

Question 17

Define Hip Dysplasia

Answer 17

Hip dysplasia is an abnormal looseness or laxity of the hip joints, In hip dysplasia, the ball and socket part of the hip doesn’t fit or develop properly instead they rub and grind together instead of sliding smoothly. Overtime hip dysplasia leads to joint instability and degenerative bony changes. In a dysplastic animal, the normally tight-fitting hip joint is much looser, allowing the femoral head to rattle around in the acetabulum. This damages joint surfaces and leads to degenerative changes and osteoarthritis.