skeletal system

Question 1

parts of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Bones, joints, cartilages, ligaments

Question 2

ligaments

Answer 2

connect bone to bone

Question 3

The skeleton is divided into the axial and appendicular divisions. T/F

Answer 3

True

Question 4

compact bone

Answer 4

homogeneous, tough bone

Question 5

What is spongy bone

Answer 5

small, needle-like pieces of bone, many open spaces

Question 6

Long -

Answer 6

• Longer than wide
• has a shaft and heads at both ends
• contains compact bone.

Question 7

Short

Answer 7

• Generally cube-shaped

- contains mostly spongy bone.

Question 8

Irregular -

Answer 8

Irregular shape, do not fit into other bone classification categories.

Question 9

Flat

Answer 9

-Thin and flattened usually curved
-thin layers of compact bone around a layer of
spongy bone.

Question 10

Diaphysis

Answer 10

Shaft, composed of compact bone.

Question 11

Epiphysis -

Answer 11

• Ends of bones, composed mostly of spongy bone.

Question 12

Periosteum -

Answer 12

Outside covering of the diaphysis, fibrous connective tissue membrane.

Question 13

Sharpey’s Fibers -

Answer 13

Secures periosteum to underlying bone.

Question 14

Arteries -

Answer 14

Supply bone cells with nutrients.

Question 15

Articular Cartilage -

Answer 15

Covers the external surface of the spiphyses, made of hyaline
cartilage, decreases friction at joint surfaces.

Question 16

Medullary Cavity -

Answer 16

• Cavity of the shaft, contains yellow bone marrow in adults, contains
  red bone marrow in infants.

Question 17

Osteon (Haversian system) -

Answer 17

A unit of bone.

Question 18

Central (Haversian) canal -

Answer 18

• Opening in the center of an osteon, carries blood vessels and
  nerves.

Question 19

Perforating (Volkman’s) canal -

Answer 19

• Canal perpendicular to the central canal, carries blood

vessels and nerves.

Question 20

Lacunae -

Answer 20

Cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes), arranged in concentric rings, rings
around the central canal, sites of lacunae.

Question 21

Canaliculi -

Answer 21

Tiny canals, radiate from the central canal to lacunae, form a transport
system.

Question 22

In embryos, the skeleton is already bone. T/F

Answer 22

False

Question 23

After cartilage is replaced by bone during development, some cartilage remains in the body.
Where does it remain?

Answer 23

• Bridge of nose
• parts of ribs
• joints

Question 24

epiphyseal plates

Answer 24

allow for growth of long bone during childhood

Question 25

What happens when bone is remodeled

Answer 25

bone is replaced

Question 26

Osteocyte

Answer 26

mature bone cell

Question 27

Osteoblast

Answer 27

bone-forming cell

Question 28

Osteoclast

Answer 28

bone-destroying cell

Question 29

What are closed (simple) fractures

Answer 29

break that does not penetrate the skin

Question 30

What is an open (compound) fracture

Answer 30

broken bone penetrates through skin

Question 31

The axial skeleton is divided into three parts. What are they?

Answer 31

- Skull - vertebral column - bony thorax

Question 32

What are paranasal sinuses?

Answer 32

hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity

Question 33

What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 33

- Lighten the skull - give resonance to voice - give amplification to voice

Question 34

hyoid bone

Answer 34

the only bone that does not articulate with another bone, serves as a movable base for the tongue

Question 35

What are fontanels?

Answer 35

in fetuses - fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones to allow for growth

Question 36

The appendicular skeleton is divided into three sections. What are the three sections?

Answer 36

- Pectoral girdle, - limbs (appendages) - pelvic girdle