skeletal system Flashcards
Skeletal system function
structure (framework), movement (levers and fulcrums), protection, mineral storage/homeostasis, and blood cell production
blood cell production, what kind
red, white, and platelets - produced by red marrow
process is called hematopoiesis
Hematopoieses
process of blood cell formation, is carried out by a soft connective tissue mass inside the bones called red marrow
skeleton divided into 2 areas
Axial and appendicular
Axial skeleton
cranial and facial hyoid ossicles (small bones in ear) vertebrae rib cage (includes sternum)
appendicular skeleton
pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapula)
upper extremity
pelvic girdle (coxial, ilium, ischium, pubic)
lower extremity
remodeling 2 parts
resorption - breakdown of bone tissue
deposition - building up of new bone tissue
remodeling
bones are capable of growth and repair, and consistently undergo a process of self-destruction and reformation
4 types of cells found in bone tissue
osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts
orsteogenic cells
osteoblasts
‘bone builders’
makes secrete collagen fibers and ground substance to create framework
responsible for bone deposition
osteocytes
mature bone cells
responsible for continual exchange of nutrients and wastes that maintains bone as living tissue
osteoclasts
‘bone breakers’
large cells, make and secrete acids & other strong lysosomal enzymes to break down bone
joint classifications
structural: fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
functional: synartrotic (immoveable), amphiarthrotic (slightly movable), diarthrotic ( freely movable)
synovial joints, common structural elements:
articular cartilage
joint capsule
synovial membrane
ligament
Types of synovial joints
Pivot joint Gliding joint condyloid joint saddle joint hinge joint ball n socket joint
