Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the main functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Support - provides the frame work for body shape.
Protection - skeleton protects internal organs e.g. brain, heart, lungs
Movement - the bones work as levers when the muscles work in pairs
Storage - bones store minerals e.g. calcium
Production of red blood cells (RBC)

Question 2

What are the 2 major divisions skeletal systems

Answer 2

Axial skeleton - runs along the body’s midline axis, includes skull, ribs, sternum and spine. It’s major function is protecting vital organs
Appendicular skeleton - is the upper and lower limbs e.g. shoulders, legs arms. It’s major function is movement

Question 3

Types of bones

Answer 3

Long - support weight and allow movement e.g. humorous, femur
Short - provides stability and some movement e.g. carpals and tarsals
Flat - protect vital organs e.g. pelvis and sternum
Irregular - couples shapes which helps with protection e.g vertebrae
Sesamoid - bones found in tendons e.g. patella

Question 4

What are the three types of joints

Answer 4

Fibrous - no movement e.g. skull
Cartilaginous - slightly moveable e.g. ribs and sternum
Synovial - freely moveable e.g. knee and elbow

Question 5

Name the synovial joints

Answer 5

Gliding - bones gliding along the surface of each other e.g. inter carpal
Hinge - movement in one plane - flexation and extension e.g. knee and elbow
Pivot - rotation of one bone around another e.g. radio ulna
Ellipsoid - allows shallow movement in all directions e.g. wrist and ankle
Saddle - allows shallow movement in all directions e.g. thumb
Ball and socket - allow large movement in all directions e.g shoulder and hip