Skeletal System

Question 1

List the types of joints

Answer 1

Fibrous (immovable), Cartilaginous (limited movement), Synovial (moveable)

Question 2

List the types of fibrous joints

Answer 2

Suture (found in the skull) and syndesmosis (between shafts of long bones)

Question 3

List the types of synovial joints

Answer 3

Hinge (ginglymus): Elbow
Slinging/plane: Intercarpal joints (between coffin and short pastern, short pastern and long pastern, etc)
Ball and Socket (spheroidal): Hip joint
Pivot (trochoid): Atlantoaxial joint (union of head and neck)
Ellipsoid (baxial movement): Antebrachiocarpal joint (where the radius meets the knee)

Question 4

List the types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 4

Symphysis: Union of the two hip bones
Physis: Growth plates, ossify entirely with age

Question 5

What is Cancellous bone?

Answer 5

Spongy bone that fills most of the space in the bone. Trabeculae, little bony beams, are what gives support inside the bone against stress. Red marrow (which is where blood cells are formed) fills in the space between the trabeculae.

Question 6

What are the different types of Spavins? How are they different?

Answer 6

Bone (Jack): Bony enlargement on the front inside of the hind legs where the base of the hock tapers into the cannon bone
Bog: An inflammation of the synovial membrane on the inside and front of the hock–a soft swelling, larger than a blood spavin
Blood: An enlargement of the saphenous vein on the inside of the hock, directly above where a bog spavin would occur
Blind: A degeneration of the bones has occurred, but without any visible exostosis (bony enlargements)