Skeletal System Flashcards
What is the total number of bones in the human skeleton?
206 bones
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
80 bones including skull, ears, neck, back, and rib cage
What is the function of the axial skeleton?
Protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs
What does the appendicular skeleton include?
Bones of the shoulder girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs
What type of bone is represented by the femur, tibia, and fibula?
Long bones
What characterizes short bones?
Small, light, strong, spongy bone covered in harder compact bone
Provide an example of a flat bone.
Sternum
What is the function of sesamoid bones?
Reduce pressure, minimize friction, aid movement in a joint
What are irregular bones?
Bones with complex shapes that fit none of the other categories
List the functions of the skeletal system.
- Shape and support
- Movement
- Protection
- Mineral storage
- Blood cell production
How do bones contribute to movement?
Through synovial joints, tendons, and muscles
What do tendons connect?
Bone to muscle
What is the role of the skeleton in protection?
Protects vital organs from damage/injury
What does red marrow produce?
Millions of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
What minerals are stored in bones?
Calcium, phosphorus, and iron
What is the function of synovial fluid?
Keeps synovial fluid around the joint
What are bursae?
Small sac-like structures filled with fluid that decrease friction between bones, tendons, and muscles
What is the function of cartilage at the joint?
Provides a smooth surface and acts as a cushion or shock absorber
What do ligaments do?
Hold bones in place, provide stability at joints, and prevent over movement
What is the purpose of tendons?
Attach skeletal muscle to bones
Define abduction.
Movement away from the midline of the body
What does flexion refer to?
Bending the limbs at a joint
What is circumduction?
Circular movement at a fixed point
What is dorsiflexion?
Movement where the toes are brought towards the shin
