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Anatomy and Physiology > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

bone formation/growth; repair and remodel

A

Osteoblast

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2
Q

bone formation by osteoblast

A

Ossification

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3
Q

remove existing bone (bone reabsorption)

A

Osteoclast

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4
Q

fracture common in child (1 side break/bend)

A

Greenstick

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5
Q

maintain bone matrix

A

Osteocyte

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6
Q

common sports fracture; excessive twist

A

Spiral

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7
Q

only movable skull bone (lower jaw)

A

Mandible

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8
Q

crushed; fracture from extreme trauma/fall; common in porous (osteoporotic)

A

Compression

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9
Q

how many cranial nerves and spinal nerves?

A

12, 31

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10
Q

component of skeletal system

A

bones, cartilage, tendons, ligament

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11
Q

protects vital organs; 12 pair of ribs

A

Thoracic cage

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12
Q

occur inside hyaline cartilage

A

Endochondral

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13
Q

fracture common in aged & has brittle bones (3/more pcs)

A

Comminuted

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14
Q

How many cranial bones and facial bones?

A

8, 14

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15
Q

cheek bones; form floor & lateral wall of eye orbit

A

Zygomatic

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16
Q

What are the 8 cranial bones?

A

Frontal, Occipital, Parietal, Temporal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid (FOPTSE)

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17
Q

movement away midline

A

Abduction

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18
Q

where lower limbs attach to body

A

Pelvic Girdle

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19
Q

movement toward midline

A

Adduction

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20
Q

nasal bone; form bridge of nose; medial surface of eye orbit

A

Lacrimal

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21
Q

forearm rotate with palms up

A

Supination

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22
Q

found at epiphyses of long bone; has no osteons

A

Spongy bone (cancellous)

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23
Q

forearm rotate palms down

A

Pronation

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24
Q

spaces filled with soft tissues

A

Marrow

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25
Q

deposition of new bone lamellae on existing bone

A

Width bone growth

26
Q

structure movement about long axis

A

Rotation

27
Q

structural unit of compact bone

A

Osteon

28
Q

source of increase height; occur in epiphyseal plate

A

Length bone growth

29
Q

growth site between diaphysis & epiphysis

A

Epiphyseal plate

30
Q

broken part pressed inward; typical skull fracture

A

Depressed

31
Q

location of blood forming cells

A

Red marrow

32
Q

center of osteon; has blood vessels

A

Central canal

33
Q

cause bleeding & blood clot forms

A

Bone Repair

34
Q

excellent shock absorber; has collagen & proteoglycan

A

Cartilage Extracellular Matrix (CEM)

35
Q

tough, ropelike protein

A

Collagen

36
Q

adult bone has ___ bones & grouped ___ regions

A

26, 5

37
Q

occur where cartilage cell die & matrix calcification occur

A

Epiphyseal (fracture)

38
Q

responsible for change shape, repair, and adjustment of bone

A

Bone Remodelling

39
Q

form large aggregates that attract water

A

Proteoglycan

40
Q

unpaired, U-shaped bone; not part of skull

A

Hyoid Bone

41
Q

shaft; compact bone tissue on outside

A

Diaphysis

42
Q

most joints of appendicular skeleton; join by fluid cavity

A

Synovial Joint

43
Q

process as osteoblast deposit new bone matrix

A

Appositional growth

44
Q

tiny canal; transport nutrients & remove waste

A

Canaliculus

45
Q

removal of existing bone; occur in all bones

A

Bone Remodelling

46
Q

occur within connective tissue membranes

A

Intramembranous

47
Q

(spine) central axis of skeleton

A

Vertebral Column

48
Q

rings of bone matrix

A

Lamella

49
Q

location of compact bone tissue

A

Diaphysis (outer part)

50
Q

broader (80⁰-90⁰); more rounded

A

Female Pelvis

51
Q

greater; heavier & thicker bones, markings are more prominent

A

Male Pelvis (bone thickness)

52
Q

reduce friction; articular cartilage; ends spongy bone tissue

A

Epiphysis

53
Q

center of diaphysis (red or yellow marrow)

A

Medullary Cavity

54
Q

where is the primary ossification center?

A

Diaphysis of long bone

55
Q

bones in axial skeleton?

A

Skull, Vertebral column, Thoracic cage

56
Q

What are the 14 facial bones?

A

Maxillae, Palatine, Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Vomer, Inferior nasal concha, Mandible, Nasal

57
Q

4 paranasal sinuses?

A

Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Maxillary

58
Q

Bones of pectoral girdle?

A

Scapula (shoulder blade) & Clavicle (collarbone)

59
Q

united by fibrous connective tissue

A

Fibrous Joint

60
Q

united by means of cartilage

A

Cartilaginous Joint

Anatomy and Physiology (6 decks)

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