Skeletal System

Question 1

Framework

Answer 1

Bones form a framework to support the bodies muscles, fat, and skin

Question 2

Protection function-

Answer 2

Bones surround vital organs to protect them

Question 3

Levers

Answer 3

Muscles attach to bones to help provide movement

Question 4

Storage function-

Answer 4

Bones store most of the calcium supply for the body in addition to phosphorus and fats

Question 5

Long bones:

Answer 5

Arms and legs

Question 6

Long shaft-

Answer 6

Diaphysis

Question 7

Endosteum

Answer 7

Is a membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps yellow marrow intact

Question 8

Red marrow, found where? (4)

Answer 8

Found in vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium

Question 9

Periosteum

Answer 9

Tough membrane that covers the outside of a bone

Question 10

Periosteum consists of? (3)

Answer 10

Blood vessels, lymph vessels, osteoblasts

Question 11

Axial skeleton-

Answer 11

Forms the main trunk of the body

Question 12

Axial skeleton is composed of? (4)

Answer 12

Skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone

Question 13

Appendicular skeleton-

Answer 13

Forms the extremities

Question 14

Appendicular skeleton is composed of? (4)

Answer 14

Shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones

Question 15

Cranium

Answer 15

Spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain

Question 16

Cranium is made of what bones? (8)

Answer 16

1 frontal
2 parietal
2 temporal
1 occipital
I ethmoid
I sphenoid

Question 17

Fontanels-

Answer 17

“Soft spot” allows for the brain to grow

Question 18

14 facial bones:

Answer 18

1 mandible
2 maxilla
2 zygomatic
2 lacrimal
5 nasal
2 palatine

Question 19

Sutures

Answer 19

Area where the cranial bones have joined together

Question 20

Sinuses

Answer 20

Air spaces in the bones of the skull that act we resonating chambers for the voice

Question 21

Foramina

Answer 21

Openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone

Question 22

Spinal column-

Answer 22

26 bones called the vertebrae

Question 23

Humerus-

Answer 23

Upper arm

Question 24

Radius-

Answer 24

Lower arm. On thumb side

Question 25

Ulna

Answer 25

Larger lower arm bone.

Question 26

Carpals- other name and how many

Answer 26

Wrist, 8

Question 27

Metacarpals- another name and how many

Answer 27

Palm of the hand, 5

Question 28

Phalanges- how many?

Answer 28

14

Question 29

Femur-

Answer 29

Thigh

Question 30

Patella

Answer 30

Knee cap

Question 31

Tibia

Answer 31

Shin bone

Question 32

7 tarsals-

Answer 32

Ankle

Question 33

Joints-

Answer 33

Areas where two or more bones join together

Question 34

Ligaments-

Answer 34

Connective tissue bones, help hold long bones together

Question 35

3 main type of joints:

Answer 35

Diarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Synarthosis

Question 36

Diarthrosis-

Answer 36

Freely movable

Question 37

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 37

Slightly movable

Question 38

Synarthosis-

Answer 38

Immovable

Question 39

Arthritis

Answer 39

Group of diseases involving inflammation of the joints

Question 40

Bursitis-

Answer 40

Inflammation of the bursae

Question 41

Bursae-

Answer 41

Small, fluid filled sacs surrounding the joints

Question 42

Greenstick-

Answer 42

Bone is bent and splits, causing a crack or incomplete break; common in children

Question 43

Simple or closed-

Answer 43

Complete break of the bone with no damage to the skin

Question 44

Compound or open-

Answer 44

Bone breaks and ruptured through the skin; creates an increased chance of infection

Question 45

Impacted

Answer 45

Broken bone ends jam into each other

Question 46

Comminuted-

Answer 46

Bone fragments or splinters into more than two pieces

Question 47

Spiral-

Answer 47

Bone twists, resulting in one or more breaks; common in skiing and skating accidents

Question 48

Depressed-

Answer 48

A broken piece of skull bone moves inward; common with severe head injuries

Question 49

Colles-

Answer 49

Breaking and dislocation of the distal radius that causes a characteristic bulge at the wrist; caused by falling on an outstretched hand

Question 50

Dislocation-

Answer 50

Whe
A bone is forcibly displaced from a joint

Question 51

Sprain-

Answer 51

When a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint

Question 52

Osteomyelitis-

Answer 52

Softening of bones

Question 53

Ruptured disk-

Answer 53

When an Intervertebral disk ruptures or protrudes out of place and causes pressure on the spinal nerve

Question 54

Spinal curvatures-

Answer 54

Abnormal curvatures of the spinal column