Skeletal system Flashcards

Question

Gliding

Answer 1

one bone slides over another

Answer 2

* Inversion: Sole of foot inward * Eversion: Sole of foot outward * Protraction: part moves forward = protraction * Retraction: part moves back = retraction * Elevation: joint moves up * Depression: joint moves down

Answer 3

Thinning and degradation of articular cartilage * Wear & tear degenerative joint disease

Answer 4

* autoimmune: deposits of antigen-antibody complexes in synovial membranes

Answer 5

* High blood levels of uric acid * Deposits as sodium urate crystals in synovial joints * Causes inflammation forms tophi eat less beer and meat

Answer 6

* Inflammation of the bursa

Answer 7

Traumatic injuries * Articular surfaces of bones no longer is proper contact

Answer 8

* Traumatic injury to ligaments surrounding joint

Answer 9

Blood calcium levels are regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is produced by the parathyroid glands. PTH is released in response to low blood calcium levels. It increases calcium levels by targeting the skeleton, the kidneys, and the intestine Thyroid releases calcitonin to stimulate ca deposit in skeletal, reduces in intestines' and kidneys

Answer 10

axial skeleton -head, neck, back and chest, paranasal sinuses and appendicular skeleton- everything else bones in your shoulders, pelvis and limbs, including your arms, hands, legs and feet.

Answer 11

joint in which no significant movement occurs The joints between cranial bones are synarthroses, commonly called sutures (

Answer 12

1. Diaphysis, or shaft— hollow tube of hard compact bone 2. Medullary cavity— hollow space inside the diaphysis that contains yellow marrow 3. Epiphyses— ends of the bones made of spongy bone that contains red bone marrow 4. Articular cartilage— thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers each epiphysis; provides a smooth cushion 5. Periosteum— strong, fibrous membrane covering bone everywhere except at joint surfaces surrounds the diaphysis 6. Endosteum— thin membrane that lines medullary cavity

Answer 13

1. Spongy bone layer sandwiched between two compact bone layers sternum, ribs and cranial bones

Answer 14

cartilage models gradually replaced by calcified bone common in long bones some bones hae 2 ossification centers

Answer 15

fibrous membranes are ossified into hard bone plates; fontanels are soft, not-yet-ossified regions bone is a connective tissue so it is made up of living cells and a non living matrix collagen gives bones their flexibility

Answer 16

first two cervical vertebrae form a unique pivoting structure

Answer 17

1. Bones enlarge and become more ossified until maturity at age 25 2. Bones actively remodel (dissolve and rebuild) in middle adulthood 3. Bones become less dense during elderly years

Answer 18

Characterized by loss of calcified bone matrix stop smoking and drinking caused by no calcium and Vit D in diet eat lots of greens and salmon to maintain bone health bone health - weight lifting increase bone density by walking Regular exercise is recommended to help prevent osteoporosis. Estrogen helps protect against osteoporosis.

Answer 19

joint in which only slight movement is possible the joint between the two pubic bones

Answer 20

freely movable joints

Answer 21

the production of blood cells in children in happens in long bone that has red bone marrow in adults this changes to yellow bone marrow the only place adults have red bone marrow is skull, ribs vertebra and pelvis

Answer 22

1. Long— example: humerus (arm) 2. Short— example: carpals (wrist) 3. Flat— example: frontal (skull) 4. Irregular— example: vertebrae (spinal bones) 5. Some also recognize a sesamoid (round) bone category— example: patella (kneecap

Answer 23

let them know radioactive dyes will be injected before the bone scan used to diagnose bone infections

Answer 24

tough membranes that have not yet ossified allow the infant's skull to be moldable allow the infant's skull to be moldable to help the head pass through the birth canal more easily during childbirth.

Answer 25

Endosteum cancellous, or spongy, bone.

Answer 26

bones become enlarged, deformed, and weak treated by surgical remodeling of bones

Answer 27

causes fragile bones from birth Braces help prevent bone deformities in people who have osteogenesis imperfecta.

Answer 28

large opening at the base of the occipital bone

Answer 29

Lower sides of the skull are formed by the temporal bones. external meatus runs through the temporal bone

Answer 30

top and sides of the skull

Answer 31

prominence of the cheeks.

Answer 32

forms floor of the cranium located between the sphenoid bone and the nasal bones.

Answer 33

medial bone of the forearm

Answer 34

form the palm of the hand.

Answer 35

sternum and scapula.

Answer 36

thin, flat bone that is commonly called the shoulder blade humerus joins with the scapula and the bones of the forearm.

Answer 37

heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone Metatarsals form the front of the foot. there are 5 in each foot The bones of the toes are phalanges

Answer 38

hold bones together cord like

Answer 39

which anchors the tongue, part of the axial skeleton which has 80 bones total bones in the body 206

Answer 40

fundamental units of compact bone

Answer 41

small canals that run perpendicular to the central canal.

Answer 42

ossification

Answer 43

. Maxilla Sphenoid Frontal

Answer 44

Ilium Ischium Pubic bone

Answer 45

brisk walking.