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Archived - Bio 160 Review > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the dense (compact) bone?

  1. smooth tissue at the ends of bones
  2. the harder outer shell of bone
  3. thickness portion which pushes the diaphysis away from the epiphysis (lengthens bone)
  4. composed of small, needle-like pieces of bone called trabeculae
A
  1. the harder outer shell of bone
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2
Q

What is the spongy (Cancellous) bone?

  1. smooth tissue at the ends of bones
  2. the harder outer shell of bone
  3. thick portion which pushes the diaphysis away from the epiphysis (lengthens bone)
  4. composed of small, needle-like pieces of bone called trabeculae
A
  1. composed of small, needle-like pieces of bone called trabeculae
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3
Q

What is the function of osteoblasts?

  1. thickness portion which pushes the diaphysis away from the epiphysis (lengthens bone)
  2. They synthesize and secrete unmineralized osteoid & collagen, and pump calcium and phosphate salts into and out of bone tissue, building bones.
  3. bone remodeling, bone growth, fracture repair, and removal of weakened bone matrix
  4. They are bone-resorbing (dissolving)
A
  1. They synthesize and secrete unmineralized osteoid & collagen, and pump calcium and phosphate salts into and out of bone tissue, building bones.
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4
Q

What is the function of osteoclasts?

  1. thickness portion which pushes the diaphysis away from the epiphysis (lengthens bone)
  2. They synthesize and secrete unmineralized osteoid & collagen, and pump calcium and phosphate salts into and out of bone tissue, building bones.
  3. bone remodeling, fracture repair, and removal of weakened bone matrix
  4. They are bone progenitor cells that form the bone
A
  1. bone remodeling, fracture repair, bone-resorbing and removal of weakened bone matrix
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5
Q

What is hyaline cartilage?

  1. Articular cartilage, costal cartilage and the trachea.
  2. External ear and epiglottis. Extremely resilient
  3. Intervertebral discs and the pubic symphysis. Strong & Rigid.
A

Articular cartilage, costal cartilage and the trachea.

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6
Q

What is elastic cartilage?

  1. Intervertebral discs and the pubic symphysis. Strong & Rigid.
  2. Articular cartilage, costal cartilage, and the trachea.
  3. External ear and epiglottis. Extremely resilient
A

External ear and epiglottis. Extremely resilient

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7
Q

What is fibrocartilage?

  1. Intervertebral discs and the pubic symphysis. Strong & Rigid.
  2. Articular cartilage, costal cartilage, and the trachea.
  3. External ear and epiglottis. Extremely resilient
A

Intervertebral discs and the pubic symphysis. Strong & Rigid.

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8
Q

What kind of reduction is it? Skin is broken

Open or closed

A

Open

(Surgical opening, to secure the bone ends together with pins or wires)

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9
Q

What kind of reduction is it? Skin is intact

Open or closed

A

Closed

bone ends are coaxed back into their normal position by hand.

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10
Q

Bone breaks cleanly but does not break the skin (closed fracture)

  1. Compression
  2. Simple
  3. Impacted
  4. Compound
  5. Greenstick
  6. Depressed
  7. Spiral
  8. Comminuted
A
  1. Simple
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11
Q

Bone breaks incompletely

  1. Compression
  2. Simple
  3. Impacted
  4. Compound
  5. Greenstick
  6. Depressed
  7. Spiral
  8. Comminuted
A

Greenstick

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12
Q

Bone breaks fragmented

  1. Compression
  2. Simple
  3. Impacted
  4. Compound
  5. Greenstick
  6. Depressed
  7. Spiral
  8. Comminuted
A

Comminuted

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13
Q

Bone breaks from bone ends forced into each other

  1. Compression
  2. Simple
  3. Impacted
  4. Compound
  5. Greenstick
  6. Depressed
  7. Spiral
  8. Comminuted
A

Impacted

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14
Q

What is the function of Parathyroid hormone in reference to bones?

A. increases blood calcium levels by activating osteoclasts

B. decreases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblasts

C. inhibits osteoclasts

A

increases blood calcium levels by activating osteoclasts

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15
Q

How many vertebral bones are in each section of the spine?

A. 7, 12, 5, 5, 4

B. 8, 12, 5, 5, 1

C. 5, 15, 6, 5, 4

D. 7, 10, 5, 4, 1

A

A. 7, 12, 5, 5, 4 (bones)

7 - Cervical

12 - Thoracic

5 - Lumbar

5 - Sacral (fused)

4 - Coccyx (fused)

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16
Q

What curvature of the spine are we born with?

A. Primary

B. Secondary

A

A. Primary

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17
Q

What are the Primary curvatures?

A. Cervical & Lumbar

B. Cervical & Thoracic

C. Thoracic & Lumbar

D. Thoracic & Pelvic

A

D. Thoracic & Pelvic

We develop the cervical when we learn to hold our head up and lumbar when we learn to walk.

18
Q

“Abduction” refers to

A. movement of a limb away from midline

B. movement of a limb toward the midline

C. turning palms downward toward the ground

D. turning the palms upward toward the sky

A

A. movement of a limb away from midline

19
Q

“Adduction” refers to

A. straightening of a joint

B. turning the palms upward toward the sky

C. turning palms downward toward the ground

D. movement of a limb toward the midline

A

D. movement of a limb toward the midline

20
Q

“Pronation” refers to

A. rotating an extremity away from the midline

B. bending of a joint

C. turning palms downward toward the ground

D. turning the palms upward toward the sky

A

C. turning palms downward toward the ground

21
Q

“Supination” refers to

A. rotating an extremity away from the midline

B. bending of a joint

C. turning palms downward toward the ground

D. turning the palms upward toward the sky

A

D. turning the palms upward toward the sky

22
Q

What is structure #1?

A. Maxilla

B. Zygomatic

C. Frontal

D. Temporal Fossa

A

C. Frontal

23
Q

What is structure #2?

A. Vomer

B. Mandible

C. Nasal

D. Temporal Fossa

A

C. Nasal

24
Q

What is structure #3?

A. Fossa Lacrima Sac

B. Inferior Nasal Concha

C. Glabella

D. Lacrimal

A

D. Lacrimal

25
Q

What is structure #4?

A. Brega

B. Coronal Suture

C. Frontal Process

D. Zygomatic

A

D. Zygomatic

26
Q

What is structure #5?

A. Maxilla

B. Lamboda

C. Mandible

D. Zygomatic

A

A. Maxilla

27
Q

What is structure #6?

A. Parietal

B. Temporal

C. Frontal

D. Occipital

A

A. Parietal

28
Q

What is structure #7?

A. Ethomoid

B. Sphenoid

C. Lacrimal

D. Occipital

A

B. Sphenoid

29
Q

What is structure #8?

A. Parietal

B. Ethmoid

C. Temporal

D. Zygomatic

A

B. Ethmoid

30
Q

What is structure #9?

A. Lamboda

B. Vomer

C. Pterion

D. Zygomatic

A

B. Vomer

31
Q

What is structure #10?

A. Parietal

B. Frontal

C. Temporal

D. Nasal

A

C. Temporal

32
Q

What is structure #1?

A. Parietal

B. Frontal

C. Temporal

D. Occipital

A

A. Parietal

33
Q

What is structure #2?

A. Maxilla

B. Sphenoid

C. Ethmoid

D. Occipital

A

D. Occipital

34
Q

What is structure #3?

A. Nasal

B. Lacrimal

C. Maxilla

D. Frontal

A

C. Maxilla

35
Q

What is structure #4?

A. Sphenoid

B. Ethmoid

C. Nasal

D. Temporal

A

D. Temporal

36
Q

What is structure #5?

A. Lacrimal

B. Occipital

C. Temporal

D. Sphenoid

A

D. Sphenoid

37
Q

What is structure #6?

A. Frontal

B. Nasal

C. Parietal

D. Sphenoid

A

A. Frontal

38
Q

What is structure #6?

A. Frontal

B. Nasal

C. Parietal

D. Sphenoid

A

A. Frontal

39
Q

What is structure #7?

A. Ethmoid

B. Temporal

C. Occipital

D. Zygomatic

A

A. Ethmoid

40
Q

What is structure #8?

A. Nasal

B. Lacrimal

C. Maxilla

D. Frontal

A

B. Lacrimal

41
Q

What is structure #9?

A. Ethmoid

B. Frontal

C. Nasal

D. Occipital

A

C. Nasal

42
Q

What is structure #10?

A. Temporal

B. Zygomatic

C. Maxilla

D. Parietal

A

B. Zygomatic

Archived - Bio 160 Review (10 decks)

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