Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

what are the functions of the skeleton

A
  • attachment of muscles, tendons and ligaments
  • locomotion through joints
  • supports soft tissue and maintains shape
  • haematopoiesis - production of blood cells in bone marrow
  • protection of delicate organs
  • storage of minerals and fat
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2
Q

what are the different types of bones

A
  • long bones for movement and strength
  • short bones for limited movement and strength
  • flat bones for protection
  • irregular bones for muscle attachment
  • sesamoid bones are floating bones
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3
Q

what are the axial and appendicular skeleton

A
  • axial skeleton is made up of bones from the midline of the body
  • appendicular skeleton is made up of limb bones
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4
Q

what are the sections of the vertebral column

A
  • cervical vertebrae
  • thoracic vertebrae
  • lumbar vertebrae
  • sacrum
  • coccyx (in animals like dogs there is no coccyx as they have a tail called caudal vertebrae)
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5
Q

what are the 3 different types of skeleton

A
  • endoskeleton - inside, mammals, vertebrates, birds
  • exoskeleton - outside, insects, crustacea
  • hydrostatic - sides, shape of animal is maintained by internal fluid pressure
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6
Q

what is a tendon

A
  • a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone
  • made of collagen
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7
Q

what do ligaments do

A
  • they join bone to bone

- made of collagen

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