Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
what are the functions of the skeleton
A
- attachment of muscles, tendons and ligaments
- locomotion through joints
- supports soft tissue and maintains shape
- haematopoiesis - production of blood cells in bone marrow
- protection of delicate organs
- storage of minerals and fat
2
Q
what are the different types of bones
A
- long bones for movement and strength
- short bones for limited movement and strength
- flat bones for protection
- irregular bones for muscle attachment
- sesamoid bones are floating bones
3
Q
what are the axial and appendicular skeleton
A
- axial skeleton is made up of bones from the midline of the body
- appendicular skeleton is made up of limb bones
4
Q
what are the sections of the vertebral column
A
- cervical vertebrae
- thoracic vertebrae
- lumbar vertebrae
- sacrum
- coccyx (in animals like dogs there is no coccyx as they have a tail called caudal vertebrae)
5
Q
what are the 3 different types of skeleton
A
- endoskeleton - inside, mammals, vertebrates, birds
- exoskeleton - outside, insects, crustacea
- hydrostatic - sides, shape of animal is maintained by internal fluid pressure
6
Q
what is a tendon
A
- a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone
- made of collagen
7
Q
what do ligaments do
A
- they join bone to bone
- made of collagen
