Skeletal Muscles: Upper Torso

Question 1

Shoulder Girdle

Answer 1

• Trapezius
• Rhomboid (maj/min)
• Serratus Anterior
• Levator Scapula
• Pectoralis Minor

Question 2

Trapezius

Answer 2

O. Occipital bone, ligamentum niche, spines of thoracic vertebrae
I. Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula
A. Elevate scapula, upward rotation of shoulder, adduction of the scapula, shoulder shrug movement

Question 3

Rhomboid (maj/min)

Answer 3

O. Spinous process of last cervical vertebra and first 5 thoracic vertebrae
I. Medial border scapula
A. Adduction of the scapula, rotation of the point of the shoulder downward

In a chin-up activity, the rhomboids draw the scapula’s medial border downward toward the spinal column

Question 4

Serratus anterior

Answer 4

O.Lateral surface of the upper 8 ribs
I. Medial border of the scapula, anterior surface
A. Abducts the scapula and causes upward rotation of the point of the shoulder

Used in propulsive phase of throwing a basketball; called the boxer’s muscle as used in throwing a punch

Question 5

Levator Scapula

Answer 5

O. Transverse processes of the upper 4 cervical vertebrae
I. Superior angle of scapula
A. Elevates the medial border of the scapula

Used to shrug the shoulders, along with the trapezius muscle

Question 6

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 6

O. Outer surface of ribs 3-5
I. Coracoid process of scapula
A. Along with serratus anterior it abducts the scapula and causes downward rotation of the point of the shoulder

Question 7

Shoulder joint

Answer 7

• Deltoid
• Pectoralis major
• Latissimus dorsi
• Rotator cuff muscles
• Teres major
• Biceps brachii
• Triceps brachii
• Coracobrachialis

Question 8

Deltoid (spinal head)

Answer 8

O. Spine of scapula
I. Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A. Extension of the arm at the shoulder, lateral rotation of the humerus

Question 9

Deltoid (acromial/lateral head)

Answer 9

O. Acromion
I. Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
A. Arm abduction

Question 10

Deltoid (clavicular/anterior head)

Answer 10

O. Clavicle
I. Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
A. Flexion of the arm at the shoulder and medial rotation of the humerus

Question 11

Pectoralis Major

Answer 11

O. Medial part of the clavical and costal cartilage of 1-6 ribs
I. Bicipital groove of the humerus
A. Flexion of the arm at the shoulder; extension of a flexed arm; medial rotation of the humerus; adduction of the humerus; horixontal flexion (drawing humerus across body)

Question 12

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 12

O. Back of the sacrum
I. Bicipital groove of the humerus
A. Arm extension; humerus medial rotation; humerus adduction

Question 13

“Rotator Cuff” Muscles

Answer 13

• Supraspinatus
• Infraspinatus
• Teres Minor
• Subscapularis

Question 14

Supraspinatus

Answer 14

Rotator cuff muscle
O. Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
I. Greater tubercule of the humerus
A. Provides strength and stability to the shoulder joint; initiates arm abduction (deltoid takes over)

When humerus moves approx 90 degrees, trapezius and serratus anterior contract to upwardly rotate the scapula

Question 15

Infraspinatus

Answer 15

Rotator cuff muscle
O. Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
I. Greater tubercule of the humerus
A. Provides strength to the posterior component of the shoulder joint capsule; lateral rotation of the humerus

Question 16

Teres Minor

Answer 16

Rotator cuff muscle
O. Lateral border of scapula
I. Greater tubercule below insertion of infraspinatus
A. Prvides posterior support to the shoulder joint capsule; lateral rotation of the humerus; adduction of the humerus

Question 17

Subscapularis

Answer 17

Rotator cuff muscle
O. Subscapular fossa of the scapula
I. Lesser tubercule of the humerus
A. Provides anterior strength to shoulder joint capsule; medial rotation of the humerus; adducts the humerus

Question 18

Teres Major

Answer 18

O. Lateral border of the scapula
I. Bicipital groove of the humerus
A. Arm extension; medial rotation of the humerus

Question 19

Biceps brachii (short head)

Answer 19

O. Coracoid process of the scapula
I. Radial tuberosity
A. Arm flexion/elbow flexion

Question 20

Biceps brachii (long head)

Answer 20

O. Supraglenoid tubercule of the scapula
I. Radial tuberosity
A. Arm flexion/elbow flexion

Question 21

Triceps brachii (long head)

Answer 21

O. Infraglenoid tubercule of the scapula
I. Olecranon process of the ulna
A. Arm extension, elbow extension

Question 22

Triceps brachii (medial head)

Answer 22

O. Posterior/medial aspect of the humerus (med/inf to spiral line)
I. Olecranon process of the ulna
A. Elbow extension (no effect on shoulder mvt, originates from humerus below shoulder)

Question 23

Triceps brachii (lateral head)

Answer 23

O. Posterior lateral aspect of the humerus; lateral and superior to spiral line
I. Olecranon process of ulna
A. Elbow extension (no effect on shoulder mvt, originates from humerus below shoulder)

Question 24

Coracobrachialis

Answer 24

O. Coracoid process of scapula
I. Medial shaft of humerus
A. Arm flexion

Question 25

Elbow Joint

Answer 25

• Biceps brachii
• Brachialis
• Triceps brachii
• Brachioradialis
• Supinator
• Pronator Teres

Question 26

-Brachialis

Answer 26

O. Anterior shaft of the humerus
I. Coronoid process of the ulna; ulnar tuberosity
A. Elbow flexion

Question 27

-Brachioradialis

Answer 27

O. shaft of humerus, just above lateral humeral epicondyle
I. Styloid process of radius
A. Elbow flexion when the forearm is in the semi-pronated position

Question 28

-Supinator

Answer 28

O. Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I. Anterolateral surface of the radius, distal to the radial tuberosity
A. Supination of the forearm; assists in elbow extension

Question 29

-Pronator Teres

Answer 29

O. Medial epicondyle of the humerus
I. Lateral surface of the radius, about the same level as the supinator
A. Assists in flexion of the elbow, used in pronation of the forearm