Muscles (Anterior Forearm)

Question 1

Structures associates with the forearm flexor muscles

Answer 1

Palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum

Question 2

Palmar Aponeurosis

Answer 2

• Layer of tendon material covering the palm of the hand; serves as I. for the Palmaris longus
• protects vessels/tendons in the palm

Question 3

Flexor Retinaculum

Answer 3

• Band of connective tissue that stretches from the lateral carpal bones to the medial carpal bones.
• Most tendons of the forearm flexor muscles pass under the retinaculum through tubes of synovial membrane (inflammation of these = carpal tunnel syndrome). This tissue w concave config of carpal bones forms carpal tunnel.

Question 4

First layer of forearm muscles

Answer 4

• Pronator Teres
• Flexor Carpi Radialis
• Palmaris Longus
• Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Question 5

Second layer of forearm muscles

Answer 5

-Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 6

Third layer of forearm muscles

Answer 6

• Flexor digitorum profundus

- Flexor policis longus

Question 7

Fourth layer of forearm muscles

Answer 7

-Pronator Quadratus

Question 8

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Answer 8

-First layer forearm muscle
O. Medial epicondyle of the humerus
I. Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals; passes under the flexor retinaculum
A. Elbow flexion; wrist flexion and abduction

Question 9

Palmaris Longus

Answer 9

-First layer forearm muscle
O. Medial epicondyle of the humerus
I. Palmar aponeurosis
A. Elbow flexion; wrist flexion; passes over flexor retinaculum

Question 10

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 10

-First layer forearm muscle
O. Medial epicondyle of the humerus, upper part of the ulna
I. Pisiform, hook of hamate carpals, base of 5th metacarpal; passes under flexor retinaculum
A. Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, wrist adduction

Question 11

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 11

-Second layer forearm muscle
O. Medial epicondyle of the humerus; coronoid process and shaft of the radius
I. Four tendons each attaching to the middle phalanx of the fourth medial digits
A. Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, flexion of the metacarpal-phalangeal and 1st interphalangeal joints

Question 12

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 12

-Third layer forearm muscle
O. Upper anterior surface of the ulna and the interosseus membrane
I. Distal phalanx of the 4 medial digits
A. Wrist flexion, flexion of the metacarpal-phalangeal and 1st and 2nd interphalangeal joints

Question 13

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 13

-Third layer forearm muscle
O. Anterior shaft of the radius and interosseus membrane
I. Distal phalanx of the thumb
A. Wrist flexion, flexion of carpal-metacarpal, metacarpal-phalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb

Question 14

Pronator Quadratus

Answer 14

-Fourth layer forearm muscle
O. Distal end of hte ulna
I. Distal end of the radius
A. Forearm pronation