Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Skel Rad > Skel D part II > Flashcards

Skel D part II Flashcards

1
Q

what is abnormal is sickle cell anemia

A

Hb S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what causes the sickling phenomenon

A

substitution of valine for glutamic acid on beta globulin chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is true SCA

A

sickle cell anemia

homozygous HbSS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the initial sign of SCA? and when do they manifest

A

hand/foot syndrome:
painful swelling dt infarct or salmonella infection
6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

common pathology associated with SCA

A

ACN of femoral and humeral heads

anemia–> spenic enlargement then atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is also known as sickle cell crisis

A

mesenteric infarcts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

common xray features of SCA

A 
honeycombing of cortex--> hair on end appearance in skull
signs of AVN
 H shaped vertebra
splenic calcifications (30%)
extra medullary hematopoiesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

aka for vertebral shape in SCA

A

fish vertebra
h shaped
step down sign
reynold phenomenon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what infection are SCA patients prone to? where? apperance

A

salmonella (100x)
femur, tibia,fibula, humerus, radius, ulna, spine
bilateral, symmetric and in diaphysis
motheaten destruction and periosteal reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

thalassemia aka

A

cooley anemia

Mediterranean anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many types of thalassemia are there

A

3
Major (die age 3-4)
Minor
Intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the cause of thalassemia

A

imbalance globulin chain production (alpha/beta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what type of cells are present with thalassemia

A

hypochomic and microcytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

s/s associated with thalassemia

A 
joint pain
scoliosis
LBP
pallor, lethargy
rodent face (maxillary over growth)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

xray findings with thalassemia

A 
coarse trabeculae (honey combing)+ thin cortex
erlenmeyer flask deformity from lack of normal metaphyseal diaphysela concave constriction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vertebral changes in thalassemia

A

coarse trabeculae but endplate remains

17
Q

thalassemia of the skull characteristics

A 
hair on end appearance
lack definition outer table
lack pneumatization  (create air cells) of sinuses EXCEPT ethmoid
18
Q

what other things can be associated with thalassemia

A

cardiomegaly

opaque liver dt hemosiderin accumulation

19
Q

most common hemophilia

A

classic= hemophilia A, Factor VIII

Christmas disease= Hemophilia B, Factor IX

20
Q

how is hemophilia manifested clinically

A

males but is passed from the mother

21
Q

what are xray features of hemophilia

A

bleeding around joints and organs

80% around organs

22
Q

what is the most common malignant childhood disease

A

leukemia

23
Q

what is the peak age for leukemia

A

2-5

24
Q

what is the most common for of leukemia

A

acute lymphocytic (death within a year of Dx)

25
Q

what are some s/s leukemia

A

generalized jt pain, weakness, lethargy, pallor, loss of appetite, easy brusing

26
Q

a key xray finding in childhood leukemia

A

radiolucent submetaphyseal bands
bilateral and symmetric
bone destruction metaphysis–>diaphysis

27
Q

most common periosteal reaction in child leukemia

A

laminated

28
Q

which type of adult leukemia has xray changes and why

A

chronic because in acute cases patients often die before sings show up

29
Q

which type of chronic adult leukeima has xray changes

A

chronic lyphatic leukemia

30
Q

what is the most consistent xray finding adult leukemia

A

diffuse osteoporosis in spine

31
Q

aka for achondroplasia

A

chondrodystrophic dwarfism

chondrodystrophia fetalis

32
Q

clinical s/s achondroplasia

A 
rhizomelic dwarf (torso is normal, extremities are short)
waddling gait
lumbar hyperlordosis
large head prominent forehead
depressed nasal bridge
normal spinal length
trident hand
back pain
spinal stenosis
33
Q

xray characteristics of achondroplasia

A 
proximal limb shortening with wide shafts
champagne glass pelvis
narrow thorax
posterior vertebral body scalloping 
narrowed interpedicular distance 
trident hand

Skel Rad (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions