Sitting & Sitting Balance

Question 1

Sitting is a ____ position with ____COM and ____BOS

Answer 1

stable, moderate, moderate

Question 2

What 3 things can impair sitting alignment?

Answer 2

1. deficits in head/upper trunk alignment
2. deficits in pelvic position
3. deficits in weight bearing

Question 3

When sitting in a slumped posture with toes touching the floor in a chair, what type of pressure is created? What types of patients does this most commonly occur with?

Answer 3

sheer pressure; short elderly person

Question 4

Headaches can be caused by shortened/lengthened suboccipitals.

Answer 4

shortened

Question 5

Unsupported sitting creates more firing of which muscles (intrinsics/extrinsics), back (flexors/extensors), and _______.

Answer 5

intrinsics, extrinsic, abdominals

Question 6

Unsupported sitting requires ____ energy than supported sitting.

Answer 6

more

Question 7

Unsupported sitting is ____(more/less) challenging regarding balance.

Answer 7

more

Question 8

To increase ones BOS with sitting what 2 things can someone do?

Answer 8

1. hands supported on the table

2. back support

Question 9

Provide 3 progressions for support surface starting with firm seat:

Answer 9

1. soft seat
2. no back rest
3. mobile surface

Question 10

Provide 2 progressions for sensory influence beginning with eyes open:

Answer 10

1. eyes closed
2. mirror to aid with feedback
   or
3. feet on flat surface
4. feet on foam or roller

Question 11

What is a contraindication for patients using a mirror to aid with feedback?

Answer 11

patients who are not able to recognize themselves, this would create mental agitation

Question 12

Are there different balance requirements for foam & gel w/c cushion?

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

What are 3 different ways you can improve ones static postural control?

Answer 13

• active holding with rhythmic rotation
• active holding in long sitting
• active holding in side sitting

Question 14

To improve static postural control begin with _____reversals and gradually progress resistance. The next progression is _______.

Answer 14

stabilizing, rhythmic stabilization

Question 15

What is the goal in improving dynamic postural control?

Answer 15

reeducate the Limits of Stability

Question 16

With improving ones dynamic postural control you should progress as followed: _________ –> ___________ –> ___________. The next step is to progress to _________ in sitting –> voluntary limb movements. The last task would be seated UE PNF patterns.

Answer 16

• seated weight shifts
• weight shifts with extended arms
• weight shifts on ball
• upper trunk rotation in sitting

Question 17

How should you progress activities for seated balance control?

Answer 17

1. seated manual perturbations
2. sitting on moveable surface (static–>dynamic activities)
3. scooting in long sitting –> short sitting –>scooting off high table to modified standing

Question 18

How do you test the autonomous level of learning?

Answer 18

dual-tasking

Question 19

What should augmented feedback focus on?

Answer 19

key errors; like with tapping, light resistance & verbal cueing