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Site Planning & Design Flashcards

1
Q

a sievelike device at the entrance to a storm sewer which traps matter that could block the sewer

A

catch basin

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2
Q

a street, alley, or other thoroughfare or easement permanently established for passage of persons or vehicles

A

way

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3
Q

a semicircular open area, with or without a roof, providing a continuous seat

A

exedra

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4
Q

the number of degrees north or south of the equator of a point on the earth’s surface

A

latitude

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5
Q

the soil layer beneath the topsoil

A

subsoil

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6
Q

the level below which the subsoil is completely saturated with water. Also called the ‘water table’

A

groundwater level

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7
Q

the study of the total pattern of relations between a community or organisms and its environment

A

ecology

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8
Q

the process of controlling, collecting, transporting, and disposing of excess water

A

drainage

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9
Q

a partial obstruction against flow, in a duct or pipe

A

baffle

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10
Q

land on which buildings have not yet been constructed, but which contains utilities and streets

A

improved land

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11
Q

the ratio of the area covered by buildings to the total lot area, expressed as a percentage

A

land coverage

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12
Q

the land surrounding a flowing stream over which water spreads when a flood occurs

A

flood plain

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13
Q

a type of residential siting in which a series of housing units are grouped closely together and surrounded by open space

A

cluster

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14
Q

a horizontal plane elevation used as a reference for other elevations in surveying and mapping

A

datum

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15
Q

a road or path reserved for bicycle traffic

A

bikeway

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16
Q

the temperature of air at which the water contained in the air begins to condense and form dew. It is therefore the temperature at which the air is at 100% relative humidity

A

dew point

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17
Q

the amount by which the average outdoor temperature at a particular location is below 65 degrees Fahrenheit for one day. degree days may also be summed and stated for a month or year

A

degree day (dd)

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18
Q

the intersection of two roads at different levels so that vehicles may move from one road to the other without crossing the stream of traffic. Also called ‘interchange’

A

grade separation

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19
Q

the extension of a building into the property of another

A

encroachment

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20
Q

inclination or slant, especially of the ground surface

A

slope

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21
Q

paving using crushed stone

A

macadam

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22
Q

a horizontal angle measured clockwise from north or south

A

azimuth

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23
Q

a bank of earth, often piled up against a wall

A

berm

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24
Q

concrete used for paving which uses crushed granite as the coarse aggregate

A

granolith

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25
Q

a graded flow path used in open drainage systems

A

swale

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26
Q

the prevailing or average weather conditions of a place as determined over a number of years

A

climate

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27
Q

the boundary line of a lot

A

lot line

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28
Q

the angle which the sun makes with the horizon

A

altitude

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29
Q

The smallest identifiable parcel of land in a city

A

lot

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30
Q

the net ground area of a lot which can be covered by a building after required setbacks and other zoning limitations have been accounted for

A

buildable area

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31
Q

a landscaped strip of ground between a pedestrian walk and a street

A

planting strip

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32
Q

having no environmental barriers, thereby permitting free access and circulation by the handicapped

A

barrier-free

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33
Q

Reflectivity measured as the relative permeability of a surface to radiant energy flowing in either direction

A

albedo

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34
Q

a division of urban land, normally private property, which is surrounded by public streets, and which is officially established and recorded

A

block

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35
Q

an imaginary line on the ground surface connecting all points of equal elevation

A

contour

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36
Q

removing and/or adding earth in order to bring the ground surface to a specified elevation or profile. Also called ‘earthwork’

A

grading

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37
Q

a pattern of land use which develops along a line, such as a highway or river

A

linear pattern

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38
Q

the elevation of a specified point on the ground or on a structure

A

spot elevation

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39
Q

designing the external physical environment in which buildings and structures are placed

A

site planning

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40
Q

flow from a culvert, sewer, or other channel

A

discharge

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41
Q

any public way or thoroughfare 10to 16 feet in width which has been dedicated or deeded to the public for public use

A

alley

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42
Q

the level below which the subsoil is completely saturated with water. Also called the ‘groundwater level’

A

water table

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43
Q

a very large area of land in which all through traffic is eliminated, but which may be penetrated by culs-de-sac or minor loop roads

A

superblock

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44
Q

space provided for vehicular parking separate from the dedicated street right-of-way

A

off-street parking

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45
Q

a plan of a city or subdivision, showing the boundaries of individual properties

A

plat

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46
Q

a space, open and unobstructed to the sky, located at or above grade, and bounded on three or more sides by the walls of a building

A

court

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47
Q

one or more spaces designated for physically handicapped persons, requiring special design and dimensions

A

handicapped parking

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48
Q

an underground pipe or drain used to carry off waste matter

A

sanitary sewer

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49
Q

an open, unoccupied space, other than a court, unobstructed to the sky, on the lot on which a building is situated

A

yard

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50
Q

the process of determining location, form, and boundaries of a parcel of land by measurement, computation, and drawing

A

survey

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51
Q

Removing and/or adding earth in order to bring the ground surface to a specified elevation or profile. Also called ‘grading’

A

earthwork

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52
Q

The rate of slope between two points on a surface, determined by dividing their vertical difference in elevation by their horizontal distance apart

A

gradient

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53
Q

a legal boundary of a parcel of land

A

property line

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54
Q

a sewer for carrying away surface rain water, an opposed to sanitary sewer

A

storm sewer

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55
Q

a flat or level surface

A

plane

56
Q

the minimum distance from the property line into which a structure may not extend

A

setback

57
Q

a log showing the types of soil encountered in a test boring and other relevant information

A

soil boring log

58
Q

a belvedere or viewing place

A

gazebo

59
Q

the difference of elevation between adjacent contour lines

A

contour interval

60
Q

a hole through which a person can enter a sewer, pipe, conduit, and so on for inspection, repair, or maintenance

A

manhole

61
Q

the geographic area from which the participants in an activity are drawn, such as the customers of a shopping center or the employees of a manufacturing plant

A

catchment

62
Q

the digging or removal or earth

A

excavation

63
Q

the climatic characteristics unique to a very small area

A

microclimate

64
Q

The percentage of total rainfall which is not absorbed in the ground and, hence, runs off. It must be collected in a system of surface and subsurface drains

A

runoff coefficient

65
Q

the total horizontal area within the boundary lines of a parcel of land

A

lot area

66
Q

the natural and manmade things, conditions, and influences surrounding a person, community, or place

A

environment

67
Q

A public service, such as telephone, water, gas, or electricity

A

utility

68
Q

the design and arrangement of natural elements on a site

A

landscaping

69
Q

the amount or degree of moisture in an area, a determining element of weather

A

humidity

70
Q

In surveying, a direction stated in degrees, minutes, and seconds as an angular deviation east or west from due north or south

A

bearing

71
Q

A fictitious temperature assigned to a combination of actual temperature and wind velocity which has the same physiological effects as still air at the chill factor temperature. It is also known as ‘wind chill index’

A

chill factor

72
Q

the lowest point of the inside of a drain, pipe, channel, or other liquid-carrying conduit

A

invert

73
Q

structures or plants, which, because of their form and location, reduce wind velocities

A

windbreak

74
Q

the gradual wearing away or disintegration of land caused by water, wind, and so on running over its surface

A

erosion

75
Q

an excavated, level terrace in a slope used to collect running water

A

bench

76
Q

A pit, usually filled with coarse stone, into which water is conducted for leaching out into surrounding soil

A

dry well

77
Q

A fictitious temperature assigned to a combination of actual temperature and wind velocity which has the same physiological effect as still air at the wind chill index temperature. It is also known as ‘chill factor’

A

wind chill index

78
Q

a circumference or loop roadway around an urban area or development

A

ring road

79
Q

a housing pattern in which units face into a common open space

A

court pattern

80
Q

An underground pipe or drain used to carry off rain water (storm sewer) or waste matter (sanitary sewer)

A

sewer

81
Q

earth which is removed (cut) an earth which is added (fill) in grading

A

cut and fill

82
Q

an approximately level building area

A

pad

83
Q

the height above a known point of reference, often taken as the highest above sea level

A

elevation

84
Q

the expected maximum depth of frost penetration in the ground in a given area

A

frost line

85
Q

an underground geological formation through which water flows

A

aquifer

86
Q

an ornamental garden arrangement

A

parterre

87
Q

a line, usually parallel to a property line, beyond which a structure may not extend

A

building line

88
Q

earth that is replaced around a foundation or retaining wall after the concrete forms have been removed

A

backfill

89
Q

the rate of rise or descent of a sloping surface. Also, to remove and/or add earth in order to bring the ground surface to a specified elevation or profile

A

grade

90
Q

a stone guard to prevent damage to a wall; also a freestanding stone post to divert vehicular traffic

A

bollard

91
Q

a parcel of land

A

plot

92
Q

process by which water vapor escapes into the atmosphere from plants

A

transpiration

93
Q

describing cone-bearing evergreen trees and shrubs, such as pine, spruce, fir, and cedar

A

coniferous

94
Q

the surface flow of water from an area

A

run-off

95
Q

A fictitious temperature which would produce the same physiological effects as the combined effects of temperature, humidity, and air movement

A

effective temperature

96
Q

Clay pipe, usually with open joints, used to convey water away from a footing or to disperse liquid in a septic tank field

A

drain tile

97
Q

the right of an owner to have ingress and egress to and from a property

A

access right

98
Q

the length of a lot line along a street or other public way

A

frontage

99
Q

the rights to the use of control of the air space above a property

A

air rights

100
Q

the elevation of the ground surface after completion of all work

A

finish grade

101
Q

the general pattern of movement of the water on, under, and above the earth

A

water cycle

102
Q

trees which shed leaves annually, as opposed to evergreens

A

deciduous

103
Q

a length of pipe, running under a road or other barrier, used to drain or carry water

A

culvert

104
Q

trees having green leaves throughout the year, as opposed to deciduous

A

evergreen

105
Q

A statement, often required by a governmental body, which assesses the environmental impact of a proposed development

A

environmental impact statement

106
Q

The ability to receive light directly from the sun.

Local government jurisdiction may have laws or guideline addressing solar access issues, such as the blocking of sunlight or the shading of an adjoining property

A

solar access

107
Q

Graphical diagrams that show the path of the sun through the sky based on the time of day and day of year.

Sun charts are useful for predicting solar access at various locations on a site

A

sun charts

108
Q

The movements of air by nonmechanical, natural means. Warmer air rises and cooler air descends, which can create predictable air flows.

Examples include onshore/offshore breezes and morning/evening air movement up and down large natural formations such as valleys and mountain sides

A

natural convection

109
Q

The increased velocity of wind caused by the narrowing of area available for air movement.

The wind tunnel effect can be enhanced by the location of large buildings in urban environments or door openings in courtyards

A

wind tunnel effect

110
Q

A two-stage process to determine if a site may be contaminated with harmful chemicals or hazardous substances.

The Phase I ESA is warranted if environmental pollution is suspected. A Phase II ESA is only required if the Phase I ESA recommends it. Actual soil and groundwater testing only occur during a Phase II ESA

A

Environmental Site Assessment (ESA)

111
Q

A usable site not previously developed or graded.

Developing a greenfield site may remove wildlife habitat and have negative impacts on the environment

A

greenfield

112
Q

Property that has or is suspected of having hazardous substances or environmental contamination that may inhibit or complicate development or reuse.

An environmental site assessment may be required to determine if hazardous substances actually exist.

A

brownfield

113
Q

a right given to another person or entity to trespass upon land that the person or entity does not own

A

easement

114
Q

the number of degrees east or west of the prime meridian on the earth’s surface

A

longitude

115
Q

assessment of potential archaeological significance of places where development is proposed

A

archaeological field survey

116
Q

An open excavation used to obtain soil samples foundation studies

A

test pit

117
Q

landscape element designed to remove silt and pollutants from surface runoff water

A

bioswale

118
Q

a low lying area designed to temporarily hold a set amount of water while slowly draining to another location

A

detention pond

119
Q

Irrigation method that saves water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of plants through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters

A

drip irrigation

120
Q

a temperature phenomenon in which heat absorbing materials release heat from sunlight into the surrounding atmosphere

A

heat island effect

121
Q

a pond designed to hold a set amount of water indefinitely with drainage leading to another location when capacity is reached

A

retention pond

122
Q

landscaping designed to reduce or eliminate the need for supplemental water from irrigation

A

xeriscaping

123
Q

a power station using photovoltaic modules and inverters for utility scale electricity generation

A

solar farm

124
Q

a group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity

A

wind farm

125
Q

ADAAG

A

Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines

126
Q

SWPPP

A

Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan

127
Q

NPDES

A

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

128
Q

A trench covered with gravel or rock or containing a perforated pipe that redirects surface and groundwater away from an area

A

French drain

129
Q

Reduce the light going up into the sky which reduces visibility of stars

A

dark sky

130
Q

The result of outdoor lighting that is not properly shielded, allowing light to be directed into the eyes and the night sky

A

light pollution

131
Q

When unwanted light enters a neighboring property, for instance, by shining over a fence

A

light trespass

132
Q

the direction pointing directly below a particular location

A

nadir

133
Q

a designated area where vehicles, supplies, and construction equipment are positioned for access and use to a construction site

A

staging area

134
Q

The removal and satisfactory disposal of trees, downed timber, snags, brush, garbage, trash, debris, fencing, and other items occurring in the designated areas to be cleared

A

clearing

135
Q

the removal and disposal of stumps and roots from designated clearing areas

A

grubbing

136
Q

The removal and satisfactory disposal of crops, weeds, grass, and other vegetative materials to the ground surface and topsoil

A

stripping

137
Q

an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities

A

critical path method

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