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PHAR 152 (Therapeutics 1 - Dr. Y. Shevchuk)) > Sinusitis > Flashcards

Sinusitis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four sinuses in humans?

A

Frontal
ethmoidal
sphenoidal
maxilliary

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2
Q

True or False: The frontal sinus drains against gravity?

A

FALSE
it is the maxillary sinus

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2
Q

True or False: The frontal sinus drains against gravity?

A

FALSE
it is the maxillary sinus

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3
Q

What are the criteria for recurrent sinusitis?

A

3 or more episodes in a year

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4
Q

What is the physiological cause of sinusitis?

A

Blockage or inflammation of osteomeatal complex block clearance
this new environment makes it more susceptible to infection

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5
Q

What are some predisposing facts for sinusitis?

A

Immunocompromised
Forgein bodies
fractured nose
polyps
asthma/allergies

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6
Q

What are some predisposing facts for sinusitis?

A

Immunocompromised
Forgein bodies
fractured nose
polyps
asthma/allergies

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7
Q

How long do viral cases of sinusitis last?

A

10 days

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8
Q

What viruses can cause sinusitis?

A

rhino, adeno, coronaviruses

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9
Q

What are the signs and Symptoms of sinusitis?

A

Purulent nasal discharge
congestion
tenderness
fever

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10
Q

True or False: Children rarely get sinusitis

A

TRUE

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11
Q

What criteria must be met for sinusitis to be labeled Bacterial in children?

A

purulent discharge and unwell state(fever, cough) for at least 10 days with no improvement

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12
Q

When do we consider bacterial sinusitis in children to be severe?

A

If severely ill
dischage
greater than 39 fever for greater than 3 days

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13
Q

What criteria must be met to h be bacterial sinusitis in adults?

A

Symptoms of URTI, congestion, facial pain for longer than 14 days

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14
Q

True or false: Green nasal discharge is indicative of bacterial infection.

A

FALSE

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15
Q

What is the ONLY way to distinguish between viral and bacterial sinusitis?

A

length of time-Must be no improvement after 10 days to be bacterial

16
Q

What organisms are the general cause of sinusitis?

A

MOSTLY VIRAL
S. pneumoniae= 30-60%
H. influenzae= 20 %
M. catarrhalis= 2-20%

16
Q

What organisms are the general cause of sinusitis?

A

MOSTLY VIRAL
S. pneumoniae= 30-60%
H. influenzae= 20 %
M. catarrhalis= 2-20%

17
Q

What are the anaerobic culprits of Sinusitis?

A

WHO THE FUCK KNOWS

18
Q

What are some non-drug measures for the treatment of sinusitis?

A

Steam
fluids
avoid irritants

19
Q

What role do decongestants play in Sinusitis?

A

NOTHING

20
Q

What role does intranasal steroids play in sinusitis?

A

helpful in chronic

21
Q

What is the first-line agent for Adult Bacterial Sinusitis?

A

Amoxicillin 500mg-1000mg TID

22
Q

What second-line agents can we use for adult bacterial sinusitis?

A

Amox/clav 500mg TID
2nd Gen
Doxycycline
clarithromycin or azithromycin

23
Q

What agents are used third line for adult sinusitis?

A

Levofloxacin 500mg OD
moxifloxacin 400mg OD

24
Q

What is the recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for adult sinusitis? What about for kids?

A

5 days for adult
10 for kids

25
Q

What antibiotic do we give to people with chronic sinusitis?

A

Caused by anaerobes so Amox/clav or clindamycin will work

26
Q

What first-line agents can we use for kid bacterial sinusitis?

A

Amoxicillin 90mg/kg/day divided BID or TID

27
Q

What second-line agents can we use for kid bacterial sinusitis?

A

Amox/clav 90mg/kg/d divided BID
cefuroxime 40 mg/kg divided BID
cefprozil 30 mg/kg/d divided BID

28
Q

What third-line agents can we use for kid bacterial sinusitis?

A

clarithromycin 15 mg/kg/d divided BID
azithromycin
TMP/SMX 10 mg/kg/d divided BID

PHAR 152 (Therapeutics 1 - Dr. Y. Shevchuk)) (9 decks)

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