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sin and forgiveness Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sin

A

Acting against the will or laws of God

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2
Q

What is absolutism

A

Believe that there are certain actions that are always right or always wrong

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3
Q

What is relativism?

A

Belief that rules can change and some are right or wrong

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4
Q

What is crime?

A

When someone does an action against the law

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5
Q

What is the difference between sin and a crime using examples?

A

Crime is when someone breaks the law for example a robbery
Sin is an action which goes against the will or laws of God for example, adultery

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6
Q

What is deterrence?

A

Punishment put people off committing a crime i.e. jail

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7
Q

How does deterrence put people off committing crime?

A
  • Knowing they will be punished will make a criminal think twice before breaking the law
  • seeing people criminals being punished put people off committing the same crime
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8
Q

What is retribution?

A

Making the criminal pay for what they have done

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9
Q

What is retribution in aim of punishment?

A
  • Punishment should be motivated by justice not revenge
  • People feel that it is fair and just that criminals get what they deserve
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10
Q

What is rehabilitation?

A

Helping criminals reform, through education, counselling and training, so they don’t reoffend

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11
Q

How is rehabilitation an aim of punishment?

A
  • criminals are less likely to commit crime again and helps them to be productive members of society
  • Societal factors like poverty and poor parenting mean that people are more likely to turn to crime unless these are addressed then people will continue to offend
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12
Q

What is punishment?

A

The consequences of a wrong decision and the penalty imposed by a person in authority on the person who has committed wrongdoing

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13
Q

What is forgiveness?

A

The act of pardoning someone for the offence they have caused you

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14
Q

How does the parable of the tax collector teach us about forgiveness?

A

He visited Zacchaeus the tax collector, unknown cheat, allowing him to change and reform

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15
Q

How does the parable of the prodigal son teach about forgiveness?

A

The father forgives his son and welcomes him back even though he had done wrong

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16
Q

What is the woman caught in adultery teach us about forgiveness?

A

Jesus forgave the woman caught adultery, telling her to ‘go sin no more’.

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17
Q

When did Jesus show forgiveness in the last moments of his life?

A

When he was being put to death. On the cross he says ‘Father forgive them for they do not know what they are doing’.

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18
Q

What happens on judgement day?

A

Go to judge or humans according to how they have behaved

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19
Q

What is capital punishment also known as?

A

The death penalty

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20
Q

When was the death penalty abolished in the UK?

A

1965

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21
Q

Who disagrees with capital punishment?

A

Pope francis

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22
Q

What are religious arguments for capital punishment?

A
  • Jesus never taught the death penalty was wrong
  • Old Testament teaches us death penalty should be used for some crimes
  • Catholic Church has not cancelled their statements that capital punishment can be used by the state
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23
Q

What are religious arguments against capital punishment?

A
  • the fifth commandment says ‘do not kill’
  • St Augustine said we should try to use as many other forms possible
  • only god has the power to give and take away life
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24
Q

What are non religious arguments for capital punishment?

A
  • acts as a good deterrent
  • only retribution for murder is the death penalty
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25
Q

What are non religious arguments against capital punishment?

A
  • countries without the death penalty have lower murder rates
  • murderers regard life imprisonment worse than death
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26
Q

What is salvation?

A

The belief that through Jesus death and resurrection humanity has achieved the possibility of life forever with God

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27
Q

What is the Paschal mystery?

A

The suffering, death and resurrection of Jesus

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28
Q

What is redemption?

A

Forgiveness of sins through Jesus’ sacrifice

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29
Q

What is the role of grace in redemption

A
  • it is a free and undeserved gift from God
  • Christians believe they do not deserve this but are given it freely
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30
Q

During Jesus’ life what did he show what God was like?

A
  • loving father
  • Jesus spent his life with the poor and needy
  • showed God’s care by forgiveness and healing the sick
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31
Q

What is a sacrifice?

A

means to make an offering of yourself at a big cost

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32
Q

Why is the resurrection important to Christians?

A
  • Catholics believe Jesus overcoming death proves he was the Son of God (only God can conquer death)
  • Resurrection demonstrates Jesus is their saviour
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33
Q

What is the significance of ascension?

A
  • Jesus’ mission on Earth was complete
  • Returned to heaven to prepare a place for his.followers
  • completed everything God wanted him to
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34
Q

How does free will and God’s loving mercy link?

A
  • humans can choose how to spend their life
  • ## God’s love is unconditional but he cannot force it upon us
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35
Q

What are the four marks in the Nicene Creed?

A
  • one
  • holy
  • catholic
  • apostolic
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36
Q

What does the ‘one’ mark in the Nicene Creed state?

A
  • because of its source, which is the Holy Trinity, a perfect unity of three divine persons
  • because of its founder, Jesus Christ who came or reconcile and unite all mankind
  • because of its ‘soul’ the Holy Spirit who guides the Church
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37
Q

What does the ‘holy’ mark in the Nicene Creed state?

A
  • Catholics believe Jesus is the source of all holiness
  • Jesus makes the church holy and uses it to make people holy - through worship, prayer and teaching
38
Q

What does the ‘catholic’ mark in the Nicene Creed state?

A
  • church has the task of reaching out to the whole world with the message of Jesus - church is for everyone
39
Q

What does the ‘apostolic’ mark in the Nicene Creed state?

A
  • Catholics believe that Jesus Christ founded the Church and gave his authority to his apostles
  • way the Church in the faith was preserved, taught and handed by the apostles
40
Q

How is Mary presented as a model of the Church through dedication?

A
  • example of total self-giving
  • she did not hold back but gave her whole life to God
41
Q

How is Mary presented as a model of the Church through faith?

A
  • Mary had total faith in god and her son
  • she didn’t question God’s will when she told she would have a child, even though she was a virgin
42
Q

How is Mary presented as a model of the Church through discipleship?

A
  • spent her whole life dedicated to Jesus
  • seen as a role model as a guide to the way Christians should, serve God
43
Q

How is the Church seen as a body of Christ?

A
  • Jesus lives through his followers, and in the Church, which is his body on earth
  • Each person within the church has a different talent that they can use for the good of the church in the same way that each part of the body has a different ability
  • they become a part of the Catholic Church through baptism
44
Q

What is the traditional saying of the early Church fathers regarding salvation?

A

‘Outside the Church there is no salvation’

This phrase is referenced in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, sections 845-846.

45
Q

Does the claim ‘Outside the Church there is no salvation’ imply that only Catholics are saved?

A

No, it does not imply that Catholics are in Heaven and everyone else is in Hell.

46
Q

What is the purpose of the phrase ‘Outside the Church there is no salvation’?

A

It answers the question of those seeking holiness and salvation.

47
Q

What happens to those who have never heard the ‘Outside the Church there is no salvation’ according to this teaching?

A

They may achieve salvation by living according to their conscience.

48
Q

What are individuals who live by their conscience and may achieve salvation called?

A

Anonymous Christians.

49
Q

Fill in the blank: ‘Outside the Church there is no _______.’

A

salvation

50
Q

What is the Eucharist?

A

Where the bread and wine becomes the body and blood of Jesus

51
Q

What are features of a Catholic Church and how they represent worship and mystery of salvation?

A
  • tall with domes (creates a space pointing up) = represents a connection with God and heaven
  • stained glass = display stories from the Bible or lives of saints
  • cruxiform churches = importance death of Jesus
52
Q

How does the sacred object the ‘altar’ represent Catholic beliefs about salvation?

A
  • table structure made out of stone
  • consecrates bread and wine here
  • helps recall the last supper (altar is a table)
53
Q

How does the sacred object the ‘tabernacle’ represent Catholic beliefs about salvation?

A
  • consecrated host are kept here
54
Q

How does the sacred object the ‘crucifix’ represent Catholic beliefs about salvation?

A
  • reminder of the death and suffering of Jesus
  • death of Jesus was the price of salvation
  • Jesus died for them to forgive their sins and give them eternal life
55
Q

How does the sacred object the ‘lectern’ represent Catholic beliefs about salvation?

A
  • book stand
  • word scripture that was read from here
  • at mass they are nourished and fed by listening to the word of God
56
Q

How does the sacred object the ‘baptismal font’ represent Catholic beliefs about salvation?

A
  • big stone bowl filled with water
  • baptism is a sacrament by which a person becomes a christian
57
Q

How does the sacred object the ‘stoup’ represent Catholic beliefs about salvation?

A
  • sign themselves with water
  • remind themselves of the trinity, death of Jesus and their own baptism
58
Q

A Sacrament is what

A

An outward sign of inward grace

59
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament baptism

A
  • water is poured on a baby’s head while child is baptised
  • becomes part of the family of God and it takes away original sin
60
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament confirmation

A
  • laying on of hands on a person’s head and anointing with oil
  • completes sacrament of baptism and gives a new life to follow Jesus
61
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament Eucharist

A
  • eat the body and blood of Jesus
  • fed spiritually
62
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament penance

A
  • confession of sins
  • Catholics experience Gods forgiveness and healing
63
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament anointing of the sick

A
  • anointed with oil
  • strength in illness
  • prepares those who are close to death to meet God
64
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament holy orders

A
  • laying on of hands and anointing with oil by a bishop
  • gods prescence is known
65
Q

What is the meaning of the sacrament matrimony

A
  • wedding rings and vows exchanged in marriage
  • lifelong love and commitment to each other
66
Q

Where do Catholics believe Christ is present in the Mass?

A
  • bread and wine
  • readings
  • person of the priest
  • other catholics
67
Q

What is evangelisation?

A

Spreading the good news i.e the gospel

68
Q

What is the title of the letter written by Pope Francis in 2013 on evangelisation?

A

Evangeli gaudium

‘Evangeli gaudium’ translates to ‘The joy of the gospel’ in Latin.

69
Q

What does Pope Francis emphasize as the way to share the gospel?

A

Show love and care for the weak, vulnerable, and poor.

70
Q

What is Pope Francis’s vision for the Church regarding the poor?

A

A Church which is poor and for the poor

This is a direct quote from Evangeli gaudium (198).

71
Q

Who does Pope Francis highlight as needing special love and care?

A

The poor and the sick, those who are usually despised and overlooked.

72
Q

According to Pope Francis, which groups should Catholics care for?

A
  • The homeless
  • The addicted
  • Refugees
  • Indigenous peoples
  • The elderly who are increasingly isolated and abandoned
73
Q

What does Pope Francis suggest about parishes?

A

Parishes should be welcoming places, ready to greet new people.

74
Q

What attitude does Pope Francis encourage among Catholics regarding the gospel?

A

Catholics should be outward looking.

75
Q

Fill in the blank: Pope Francis believes that Catholics should look for new ways to _______.

A

spread the gospel message.

76
Q

How does the Church engage in evangelisation locally?

A
  • charitable work
  • social events
  • work as a catechist
  • married and raising children
77
Q

How does the Church engage in evangelisation nationally

A
  • attend national events and conferences to share their faith
  • bishops conference of a country helps catholics know and share the gospel
78
Q

How does the Church engage in evangelisation globally?

A
  • world youth days
  • social media like twitter or YouTube
  • CAFOD
79
Q

What is the nature of society in the UK regarding religion?

A

The UK is a multi-faith society where people of different religions and no religion live alongside each other.

This includes a variety of beliefs such as Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, Sikhism, Humanism, and Atheism.

80
Q

What significant change was noted in the 2011 census compared to the 2001 census regarding religious belief in Britain?

A

An increase in the diversity of religious and non-religious beliefs and practices was noted.

This includes a broader representation of various faiths and a rise in non-religious beliefs.

81
Q

What proportion of respondents in the 2011 census identified as Christian?

A

Over half of those who responded considered themselves Christian.

This indicates that Christianity remains a significant belief system in Britain despite increasing diversity.

82
Q

What benefits and challenges arise from the increasing diversity of beliefs in the UK?

A

The diversity brings both benefits and challenges.

Benefits may include cultural enrichment, while challenges could involve misunderstandings or conflicts between different belief systems.

83
Q

What does the Catholic Church teach regarding people of other faiths?

A

The Catholic Church teaches that people of other faiths should be respected.

Catholics are encouraged to be sensitive to those who have no beliefs yet seek to do good.

84
Q

Fill in the blank: Less people are familiar with the _______ story now.

A

gospel

This suggests a decline in religious education or engagement.

85
Q

True or False: Attendance at church has increased in recent years.

A

False

The text indicates that fewer people attend church regularly.

86
Q

What difficulty is mentioned regarding reaching people today?

A

It might be difficult to reach people due to decreased familiarity with the gospel story and lower church attendance.

This presents a challenge for religious outreach and engagement.

87
Q

What are benefits of a religious diversity?

A
  • greater tolerance and understanding others
  • new ways of enjoying life
  • better understanding of different viewpoints
88
Q

What are challenges of a religious diversity?

A
  • tension exists between faith groups
  • people’s beliefs may be ignored
  • not easy to be understanding of other viewpoints
89
Q

What are issues of a religious diversity?

A
  • conversion = can be issues where one group of religious believers to convert one another
  • interfaith marriages = two members of different religions get married / cause conflict
  • raising children = both parents want their child raised in their own faith
90
Q

What is interfaith dialogue led by?

A
  • respect
  • listening
  • share common values
  • recognise common features between faiths

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