Simplified drug cards WY Intermediate Flashcards
atropine sulfate/Atro-Pen (I)
antiarrythmic, anticholinergic
for sinus bradycardia, heartblock, reverse exercise-induced bronchospasms, organophosphate poisoning
0.5 to 1 mg every 3-5 mins, max 3 mg
amiodarone/Cordarone (I)
class III antiarrythmic
for VF/VT, life-threatening arrhythmias
for pulseless VF/VT 300 mg IVSP, may repeat at 150 mg in 3-5 mins. for ventricular arrhythmias with pulse 150 mg IVSP over 10 mins
nitroglycerin/Nitrostat/Nitrolingual/Nitro-Time/GoNitro
tablet/spray A, drip I
antianginal, nitrate
for acute and long-term management of angina pectoris
0.4 mg SL x3 (1 tablet or spray), max is 3 doses
diazepam/Valium (I)
antianxiety
for sedation, treating seizure activity (status epilepticus and uncontrolled seizures), skeletal muscle relaxant
5-10 mg IVP, may repeat every 10-15 mins, max dose 30 mg
nitrous oxide/Nitronox (A/I)
analgesic, medicinal gas
for moderate to severe pain management
self-administered via inhalation
morphine sulfate/Astramorph/Duramorph (I)
opioid analgesic
for severe pain, pulmonary edema, pain with AMI
4-10 mg IV/IM/SQ
fentanyl/Sublimaze (I)
opioid analgesic
for severe pain, analgesic maintenance in the intubated patient
0.5 to 1 mcg/kg (use continuous monitoring)
lorazepam/Ativan (I)
benzodiazepine; anticonvulsant, antianxiety
decrease anxiety, seizure activity
50 mcg/kg, up to 4 mg
lidocaine/Xylocaine/Xylocard
bolus A, may use with IO for local anesthetic; drip I
1B antiarrythmic
Alternative to amiodarone for cardiac arrest from v-fib/pulseless VT after successful conversion of perfusing rhythm; wide-complex tachycardia of uncertain origin, and ventricular ectopy in acute MI. Also used in RSI to blunt ICP rise.
1 to 1.5 mg/kg bolus, may repeat dose 0.5-0.75 mg/kg every 5-10 mins, up to 3 mg/kg. Continuous infusion rate 1-4 mg/min. Monitor VS and EKG. **Do not administer with 3rd degree heart block.
vasopressin/Pitressin (I)
antidiuretic hormone, peripheral vasoconstrictor
for pulseless VT/fib arrest
40 units IV
epinephrine/Adrenalin
1:1,000 A; 1:10,000 I
vasopressor
for symptomatic bradycardia, cardiac arrest, severe allergic reaction, reversible airway disease due to asthma or COPD
cardiac: 1 mg 1:10,000 IV/IO every 3-5 mins
allergic reaction: 0.3 to 0.5 mg 1:1,000 SQ/IM every 10-15 mins
ondansetron/Zofran (I)
antiemetic
for nausea/vomiting
4-8 mg PO (we gave via IVP at WMC ER?)
furosemide/Lasix (I)
loop diuretic
edema due to heart failure, liver impairment, or renal disease; hypertension
20-40 mg IVSP or 2 times the amount the patient is already on. **Geriatric patients have increased risk or hypotension and electrolyte imbalance at normal doses.
levalbuterol/Xopenex (I)
bronchodilator, adrenergic
short-term use for bronchodilation due to reversible airway disease
0.63 mg via nebulization 3 times daily
diphenhydramine/Allerdryl/Benadryl (I)
antihistamine
for relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release
IM/IV 25-50 mg q.4h.
sodium bicarbonate (I)
alkalinizing agent
for metabolic acidosis, in certain poisoning or overdoses of ethylene glycol, aspirin, and methanol
1 mEq/kg
oxygen (A/I)
medicinal gas
for severe chest pain, hypoxemia, and cardiac arrest
1-6 lpm via nc, 10-15 lpm via NRB
dextrose (A/I)
carbohydrate, hyperglycemic/antihypoglycemic
for hypoglycemia
10-50 g slowly. May be repeated. *Administer thiamine prior to D50 in known alcoholic patients.
aspirin/Bayer/Bufferin (A/I)
antipyretic, nonopioid analgesic, salicylate
prophylactic use in MI and TIA
162-324 mg chewed and swallowed for MI
albuterol/Proventil/Ventolin (A/I)
beta 2 adrenergic, bronchodilator
for reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD
MDI: 2 puffs q4-6h
SVN: 2.5 to 5 mg every 20 mins x3 doses
PED (age 2-12 or less than 40 lbs): 0.15 mg/kg up to 3 times
ipratropium bromide/Atrovent (A/I)
anticholinergic, bronchodilator
maintenance for airway obstruction due to COPD, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
nebulizer (acute): 500 mcg every 30 mins for 3 doses, then every 2-4 hrs as needed.
naloxone/Narcan (A/I)
antidote (opioids)
for suspected opioid overdose
0.4 to 1 mg IM, slow IV push, subcutaneous;
2 mg intranasal
glucagon/GlucaGen (A/I)
hormone
severe hypoglycemia and when glucose not feasible
IV/IM/SQ 1 mg, may be repeated in 15 mins
activated charcoal (A/I)
antidote, adsorbent
for toxic ingestion within 60 mins, following emesis or lavage
25 to 100 g PO or via NG/OG
thiamine/Betaxin/vitamin B1/Biamine (I)
water-soluble vitamin
for vitamin deficiencies, prevention of Wernicke encephalopathy
IM/IV 5 to 100 mg. *Administer thiamine prior to D50 in known alcoholic patients.
duodate/Mark I kit (A/I)
antidote
for poisoning by organophosphorous nerve agents and pesticides
Three DuoDote Auto-injectors should be available for use in each patient (including EMS personnel) at risk for organophosphorous poisoning; 1 for mild symptoms plus 2 more for severe symptoms. Each DuoDote auto-injector delivers atropine 2.1 mg plus pralidoxime chloride 600mg.
normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) (A/I)
isotonic crystalloid
used to expand the vascular volume temporarily by replacing water and electrolytes (hypovolemia, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, diabetic ketoacidosis)
dose depends on condition, follow protocols, keep-open rate 30 mL/hr
5% dextrose in water (A/I)
hypotonic carbohydrate-containing solution
for prophylactic IV access or to dilute concentrated drugs for IV infusion
usually administered at keep-open rate (30 mL/hr)
Lactated Ringer’s solution (A/I)
isotonic crystalloid solution (contains sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, lactate)
for significant burns and hypovolemia
dose depends on condition being administered for. Follow protocols. Keep-open rate 30 mL/hr.
heparin sodium/Heparin (I)
anticoagulant, antithrombotic
used prophylactically for the treatment of various thrombotic disorders
Dose varies depending on protocol. Generally, 5000 IU loading dose IVSP, then 800 to 1200 UI/hr.
