Simple Machines Flashcards
What are the 6 simple machines?
- Lever
- Screw
- Wedge
- Inclined Planes
- Pulley
- Wheel and Axle
What are the 3 Types of Levers?
First, Second and Third Class
Describe a First Class Lever. (Key element placements, Mechanical Advantage and effects)
A first class lever is where the fulcrum is located in between the load and the applied force (effort).
A first class lever multiplies the effort and changes the direction of the effort.
The effort moves further than the load.
The mechanical advantage is the ratio between the length from the effort to the fulcrum over the length from the load to the fulcrum.
Describe a Second Class Lever. (Key element placements, Mechanical Advantage and effects)
A second class lever is where the load is placed between the fulcrum and the applied force (effort).
A second class lever multiplies the effort but it does NOT change the direction of the effort.
The effort moves further than the load.
The mechanical advantage is the ratio between the length from the effort to the fulcrum over the length from the load to the fulcrum.
Describe a Third Class Lever. (Key element placements, Mechanical Advantage and effects)
A third class lever is where the applied force (effort) is between the load and the fulcrum.
A third class lever requires more effort to move a load however the distance that the load moves is multiplied.
The mechanical advantage is the ratio between the length from the effort to the fulcrum over the length from the load to the fulcrum.
What is Mechanical Advantage?
Mechanical Advantage is equal to the load over effort. This is when dealing with forces. However when calculating the mechanical advantage of some simple machines distances are used.
Derived from the equation Workin = Workout (Work = Force x Distance).
Give a brief description of a pulley.
Pulley are wheels and axles with a groove around the outside
A pulley needs a rope, chain or belt around the groove to make it do work
