Simple harmonic motion Flashcards
What are the 2 conditions for SHM ?
acceleration is always towards the equilibrium position
Acceleration is always proportional to the displacement
What is a free oscillation ?
A oscillation with no external forces.
What are the correlations between displacement velocity acceleration graphs for shm ?
they are differentials of each other
s is cos
v is -sin
a is -cos
What are damping oscillations ?
where the energy in the system slowly decreases due to friction air resistance ect.
what is the correlation between damping forces and velocity ?
dampening force is directly proportional to velocity ^2
What are all 3 types of damping ?
Light damping - resistive force is small and energy is lost very slowly
Critical damping - where energy is lost rapidly but oscillates
Heavy damping - where damping force is large and system does not oscillate
What is the natural frequency of a object ?
The frequency at which the object will oscillate at if there is no external forces acting.
What is the driving frequency ?
the frequency when a system is made to oscillate by a force.
What happens when driving frequency is lower than natural frequency ?
low amplitude oscillations and in phase.
What happens when driving frequency and natural frequency are equal or similar ?
resonance occurs
large amplitude and in anti-phase
What happens when driving frequency is higher than natural frequency ?
low amplitude oscillations and in phase
