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physics > Materials > Flashcards

Materials Flashcards

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1
Q

What is density ?

A

Mass per unit of volume.

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2
Q

What is the formula for density ?

A

ρ = M/V

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3
Q

What will happen if the density of an object is greater than a liquid ?

A

it will sink.

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4
Q

How do you find density of a regular solid ?

A

Measure mass with a balance
Calculate volume by measuring dimension

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5
Q

How do you find the density of a liquid ?

A

Measure mass of container
Measure mass of container with liquid in it
Calculate mass of liquid
Read volume of liquid off container.

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6
Q

How do you find the density of a irregular shape ?

A

Measure mass using balance
Place object in a container with known volume of liquid and calculate change in volume.

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7
Q

What is Hooke’s law ?

A

The force applied to a wire or spring in directly proportional to extension up until the limit of proportionality.

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8
Q

What is the equation for Hooke’s law ?

A

F = KΔL

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9
Q

What is the gradient of a force extension graph ?

A

spring constant.

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10
Q

What is the elastic limit ?

A

Point of which the spring or wire will not return to its original size.

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11
Q

What is the fracture point ?

A

Point at which the spring or wire breaks.

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12
Q

What is strain energy ?

A

Work done in stretching a wire or spring.

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13
Q

What is the area under a force extension graph ?

A

Strain energy/ work done.

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14
Q

What is the formula for strain energy ?

A

E = 1/2 K ΔL

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15
Q

What is plastic deformation ?

A

Where an object is stretched beyond its elastic limit and will not return to original size/shape

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16
Q

What makes something ductile ?

A

Large plastic region.

17
Q

What makes something brittle ?

A

Very small plastic region.

18
Q

What is the area between the loading and unloading curve ?

A

Work done in causing permanent deformation / energy transferred to thermal.

19
Q

Why is rubber a unique material ?

A

Its stiffness is always changing
doesn’t get plastically deformed.
area between loading and unloading curves is wasted energy converted into thermal energy.

20
Q

What is stress ?

A

Tension per unit of cross sectional area. (Pa / Nm^-2)

21
Q

What is strain ?

A

Extension per unit of original length.

22
Q

What is the formula for stress ?

A

F/A

23
Q

What is the formula for strain ?

A

ΔL / L

24
Q

What is Young modulus ?

A

Energy required double a materials length (Pa)

25
Q

What is the formula for Young Modulus ?

A

FL / Ae
or
stress/strain

26
Q

What is the gradient before the limit of proportionality on a stress strain graph ?

A

Young Modulus.

physics (11 decks)

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