Sim Check Flashcards
How does CG change as fuel burns
With full Center tank the CG will move rearwards.
Once Center tanks are empty initially moves forward and then moves rearward again until an inner tank has approximately 5000lbs and the moves rapidly forward before moving rearward again
How is V1 calculated on Airbus
Uses an optimised V1 which allows for a higher RTOW
(limiting takeoff weight) and higher flex temperature and improved climb performance
What are advantages and disadvantages of using optimized V1
- Increase in V1 increases accelerate stop distance
- Allows for better climb performance
- Allows for a higher TOW
What does LB1 on flight plan mean
- L: Mode S transponder
- B1: ADBS out
What does R/UVE on flight plan mean
Radio
UHF - 243
VHF - 121.5
E - ELT
What does S/M on flight plan mean
Survival/Maritime
What does J/L on flight plan mean
Jackets (life jackets) with lights
What are considerations for RVMS
- W on flight plan
- Turbulence: greater than moderate then separation will be increased to 2000
- Aircraft equipment and condition
- 2 independent altimeters, one altitude keeping device, one altitude alert system, and on SSR transponder with mode C
What equipment is required for RVSM (6 items)
2 x ADRs
2 x PFD
1 x Autopilot
1 x FCU channel
1 x FWC
1 x ATC transponder
Altitude/deviation….limitation…RVMS
- FL 290 - FL 410
- Levelling off +/- 150 feet
- Crosscheck intervals of about an hour to ensure altimeters within 200 feet of each other
- Report required if deviation of 300 feet or more
What happens with failure of systems during RVSM
- Notify ATC
- “Unable RVSM due equipment”
- Follow ATC instructions
- Company and recalculate plan if required
What contingencies are required to be reported to ATC for RVSM failures (6 items)
- Failure of ALL automatic altitude control systems
- Loss of redundancy of altimetry systems
- Failure of all altitude reporting transponders
- Loss of thrust on engine requiring a descent
- Any other equipment failure resulting in being unable to maintain altitude
- Encountering greater than moderate turbulence
How is contingency fuel calculated
Greater of:
1. 5 minutes of holding fuel at 1500 feet over destination
2. 5% of BOF
3. Assumed to be consumed in planning but not for landing weight calculation
Explain side stick
- Used to exercise manual control of pitch and roll
- Not coupled mechanically
- Send seperate sets of signals to the flight control computers
- Pilot puts in an input, signal sent to the ELACS and SEC which then decide the amount of deflection to be ordered to the flight controls
- Has a take over button: AUTOPILOT disconnect and PRIORITY take over
- Radio communication trigger
Explain Fly by Wire
- Replaces mechanical linkage as found on conventional aircraft
- Pilot inputs do not directly move the flight control surfaces
- Computers process flight control inputs made by the pilot or autopilot
- Then sends electrical signals to flight control surface actuators to move the surfaces best to achieve the request
Advantages of Fly by Wire
- Reduced weight
- Improved reliability
- Allows for protections not provided by conventional aircraft
- More efficient operations
Explain the hydraulic system
- Three systems, Green, Blue and Yellow
- Each system and has its own reservoir and fluid, fluid CAN NOT be transferred between systems
- Normal system PSI is 3000 and when powered by the RAT becomes 2500 PSI
- Green and Yellow are powered by engine driven pumps
- Blue system is powered by an electric pump or by the Ram Air Turbine
- Yellow can also be powered by an electric pump to allow it to be pressurised on the ground and also by a hand pump for cargo door operation
- A Power Transfer Unit (PTU) allows G to pressurise Y and vice versa is pressure drops by 500 PSI
What does Green Hydraulic power (5 items)
- Landing Gear
- Normal brakes
- Engine 1 reverser
- Yaw damper 1
- Slats and flaps and other various flight controls
What does Yellow Hydraulic power (6 items)
- Nose wheel steering
- Alternate brakes and park brake
- Engine 2 reverser
- Yaw damper 2
- Cargo doors
- Various flight controls
What does Blue Hydraulic power
- Powers the Emergency Generator via the RAT
- Various flight controls
Explain the braking system
- Normal system is via the Green Hydraulic system and Alternate system uses Yellow System
- Has anti-skid and auto brake system
How does Anti skid work
- Provided maximum braking efficiency by maintaining the wheels at the limit of a skid
- At skid onset orders are sent to release the brake
- Deactivated below 20 kts ground speed
- Has an ON/OFF switch
How does Auto brake work
- Establish and maintains a selected deceleration rate
- Reduces the distance during an RTO
- Three setting, LO, MED and MAX
- MAX can not be armed in flight
- Activates at spoiler extension for LO and MED
- MAX activates at spoiler extension and speed above 40 knots
- Therefore RTO below 72 knots no AUTOBRAKE because spoilers don’t deploy
- Deactivated via press button, arming condition lost, after a touch and go, or by pressing on brake pedal
How does Alternate braking work
- As per normal braking, powered by Yellow Hydraulics
and backed up by a brake accumulator. - The Alternate Braking Control Unit (ABCU) electrically controls the alternate braking.
- If no ANTI SKID available then pressure limited to 1000 PSI
How does Parking Brake work
- Uses Yellow System or accumulator pressure:parkingbrake-control-valve
- Triple indicator indicates the pressure in the system
What is the Terrain Escape Manoeuvre
- PULL UP TOGA
- Auto pilot - OFF
- Pitch - PULL UP, full back stick and hold
- Thrust Levers - TOGA
- SPD Brakes - Check Retracted
- Bank - Wings level or adjust
- Do not change configuration until clear of obstacle
Describe Wind shear escape manoeuvre
WIND SHEAR TOGA
- Before V1: reject the takeoff
After V1:
1. THR LVR - TOGA
2. Vr - Rotate
3. SRS Orders - Follow (if no FD, pitch 17.5)
Airborne, Initial CLB or Landing:
1. THR LVR at TOGA - Set or confirm
2. A/P - if engaged Keep On
3. SRS Orders - Follow
*Do not change configuration until out of shear
*Closely monitor flight path and speed
* Recover smoothly to normal climb when out of shear
Describe Fire Protection System
- Fire and overheat detection for Engines and APU
- Smoke detection for cargo compartments, lavatories and the avionics bay
- Fire extinguishing for the cargo compartments, the engines, the APU and the lavatories
- Portable fire extinguishers in cockpit and cabin
Describe Engine Fire Protection System
- Each engine has 2 fire extinguisher bottles
- 2 squibs represent the bottles, independently discharged
- 2 fire loops per engine A and B
Describe APU Fire Protection System
- Has 1 fire bottle
- 1 squib
- For a fire on the ground, APU automatically shuts down and bottle dischargers automatically
Describe CARGO Fire Protection System
- One fire bottle with two discharge heads
- 3 nozzles: 1 in FWD and 2 in AFT
- Agent 2 is delayed timing
What Take Off configurations are monitored(10)
- Side stick fault
- Parking Brake ON
- Pitch trim not in TO range
- Rudder trim not in TO range
- Flaps not in TO config
- Slats not in TO config
- Speed brake not retracted
- Door
- Brakes HOT
- Engine Thrust Levers not set
Where is RVSM airspace in Japan (2 items)
- Within the entirety of the Fukuoka FIR
- FL290 - FL410 inclusive of these altitude
What do you do if realise altimeter error whilst flying n RVSM
Notify ATC, “Unable RVSM due equipment” and follow ATC instructions
How can you tell when you are in Alternate Law
- PFD 4 amber crosses appear
- Lower section of Speed tape changes to amber and black/red
What protections exist in Alternate Law
- Load factor protection
- Low speed stability and High speed stability, these can be over ridden by pilot inputs
- Over speed and stall warning are still available
What failures would result in Alternate Law
Essentially, double failures of flight controls, hydraulic or electrical systems will result will result in Alternate Law.
- Dual Hydraulic Failure
- Dual Engine Failure
- Dual ELAC fault
- Dual FAC fault
- Dual RA fault
What failures would result in Direct Law
Triple failures of systems, or if in Alternate Law, when the Landing Gear is extended
1. Failure of all IR’s
2. Failure of all flight computers
3. L+R Elevator Fault
4. Dual Engine Failure (when landing gear is extended)
What protections does the APU have
- On ground has AUTO SHUT down incase of fire
- Fire detector and one squib
Describe the Electrical System
- Two IDG’s that are main source of AC power
- GEN1 supplies AC BUS 1 and GEN2 supplies AC BUS 2
- Split system, not connected in parallel
- Each AC bus powers a Transform Rectifier, TR1 and TR2 and AC 1 BUS supplies power to AC ESS BUS
- TR convert AC power into DC power to power DC BUS 1 and DC BUS 2
- DC 1 supplies DC BAT BUS which can charge the batteries or receive power from batteries if no other power source is available
- DC 1 supplies power to DC ESS BUS
- Entire system can be powered by APU Generator or by external Power on the ground
Describe priority for electrical power
- Onside Generator
- External Power
- APU
What does the ESS TR do
Supplies power to the DC ESS Bus in abnormal or emergency configuration
What powers the ESS TR bus in abnormal configuration
Powered by the AC ESS Bus
What powers the ESS TR bus in EMERGENCY configuration
Powered by the EMERGENCY GENERATOR which is powered by the RAT via the Blue HYD system
What does BAT 1 and BAT 2 power in EMERGENCY ELEC
- ACC ESS BUS
- DC ESS BUS