sij

Question 1

marching test

Answer 1

-patient stands whilst examiner palpates PSIS’s with one thumb whilst other thumb is parallel on the sacrum
-patient stands on one leg whilst pulling opposite knee up to chest (innominate bone on same side rotates posteriorly)
-repeat test on other leg and palpate other PSIS
-the test PSIS should move down or inferiorly
testing= Sacroiliac or pubic joint strain/ fracture
Hypermobility/ joint dysfunction
Ipsilateral SIJ sydfunction
positive test=If sacroiliac joint on flexed knee side moves minimally or up (hypermobile or blocked)
Localised pain

Question 2

flamingo test

Answer 2

-patient stands on one leg
The weight of the trunk causes the sacrum to shift forward and distally with forward rotation
Ilium moves in opposite direction
Non-weight-bearing side the opposite occurs
-patient can hop on one leg to increase stress
testing= Ipsilateral SIJ dysfunction
positive test= Localised pain in symphysis pubis or sacroiliac joint indicates positive test for lesions (depending on painful structure)

Question 3

gaenslen’s test

Answer 3

patient lies sidelying with upper/ test leg hyperextended at hip
-patient holds lower leg flexed against chest
-examiner stabilises pelvis whilst extending top legs hip
-can be done with patient supine (but may limit hyperextension available)
-test hip extends beyond edge of plinth into extension whilst other leg flexed on plinth to stabilise
testing= SIJ sprain resulting in instability
Iliopsoas contracture
Lumbar/ hip pain origin
positive test= Pain (may be caused by ipsilateral sacroiliac joint lesion, hip pathology or L4 nerve root lesion)

Pain in sacroiliac joints

Question 4

thigh thrust

Answer 4

-patient lies supine while examiner passively flexes hip on test side to 90 degrees
-examiner uses one hand to palpate sacroiliac joint and then thrusts down through knee and hip on test side
testing= sIJ pathology or hip pathology
positive test= Pain in sacroiliac joint on thrusting

Question 5

sij compression

Answer 5

patient sidelying and examiner pushes into joint
testing= SIJ posterior ligaments, fractures, dysfunction
SIJ instability
positive test= Posterior localised pain
Decreased posterior pain

Question 6

sij distraction

Answer 6

-patient supine
-examiner places both hands on patient’s ASIS’s and iliac crests and pushes down and in at a 45 degree angle (tests posterior sacroiliac ligaments)
testing= Anterior SIJ or pubic joint sprain
fracture
positive test= Anterior localised pain

Question 7

laslet cluster

Answer 7

SIJ distraction
Thigh thrust
FABER
Compression
Gaenslen’s
positive test= Three or more positive tests had high levels of sensitivity and specificity

Question 8

active SLR

Answer 8

-test is done actively by patient in supine
-examiner asks if there’s any effort differences between both sides
-examiner then stabilises and compresses pelvis while patient actively does SLR (form closure of joint as innominate bones are pushed together anteriorly)
testing= Postpartum pelvic problems
positive test= Sacroiliac joint problems if pain decreases with form closure