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First Aid > Signs and Symptoms with treatment. > Flashcards

Signs and Symptoms with treatment. Flashcards

1
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • confusion, disorientation, agitation, aggression,
  • rapid pulse,
  • blueness of skin,
  • dilated pupils.

How do you treat?

A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Oxygen

Could be hypoxia (oxygen levels too low)

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2
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

- Casualty says they are choking.

A
  • encourage the casualty to cough until obstruction clears.
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3
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

- Casualty is choking and unable to speak.

A
  • Remove any obvious debris from mouth
  • Support casualty’s chest with one hand and give up to 5 sharp back blows between shoulder blades with the heal of hand.
  • if continues to choke, abdomidnal thrusts with clenched fists, thumbs tucked in, pull inwards and up, up to 5 times.
  • repeat the cycle of backblows and thrusts as necessary.
  • if casualty becomes unconscious, begin CPR.
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4
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

- a CHILD is choking and unable to speak

A
  • place child over your lap with their head lower
  • deliver up to 5 back blows
  • if necessary, continue to abdominal thrusts and repeat cycle as necessary.
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5
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

- an infant is choking

A
  • Place infant on lap, face down, support jaw between thumb and finger and deliver up to 5 back blows.
  • if necessary, deliver up to 5 chest thrusts (similar the CPR compressions on an infant but deliver more slowly)
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6
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • pale, cold, clammy skin
  • Rapid, shallow breathing
  • Extreme thirst
  • Air hunger (yawning)
  • Nausea / vomiting
  • Disorientation, confusion, altering levels of consciousness.
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Administer Oxygen
  • Loosen tight clothing at neck, chest, waist.
  • Position casualty flat and raise legs.
  • Treat cause if possible, i.e. bleeding
  • Keep warm, but take care not to overheat.
  • Give nothing to drink or eat, can moisten lips with water on a napkin.
  • inform commander and seek medical help.
    Could be SHOCK
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7
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Dizzy feeling
  • Pale, cold, clammy skin
  • Nausea
  • Brief loss of consciousness
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Lay casualty down and raise legs
  • Let casualty sit or stand slowly once recovered.
  • If casualty continues to feel faint after recovery, give oxygen and seek medical help.
  • If casualty remains unconscious, treat as an unconscious casualty.
    Could be FAINTING
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8
Q 
SIGNS and SYMPTOMS
- Red blotchy skin rash
- Noisy breathing/wheezing
- Rapid, weak pulse
- Swelling of upper body
. Altered levels of consciousness
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Make a PA for medical assistance
  • Admin Oxygen
  • Loosen tight clothing at neck, chest and waist.
  • Keep casualty warm.
  • Epi pen if carried by casualty
  • an anti-histamine is carried in the FAK

Could be ANALPHYLACTIC/ALLERGIC SHOCK.

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9
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Severe crushing, vice like pain in chest which can radiate (older casualties may not experience pain)
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Cold, clammy, ashen grey colour skin
  • Anxiety
  • Tingling in the fingers
  • Nausea.
A

-DR ABC DE
- Admin Oxygen
- Loosen tight clothing around neck, chest, waist.
- Sit casualty in semi recumbent position
- Calm and reassure the casualty
- monitor and record pulse
- stay with casualty - be prepared to give CPR
- Inform commander, divert and seek medical help.
Could be HEART ATTACK

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10
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • A central chest pain which can radiate
  • Tight feeling in the chest
  • Pale colour
  • Shortness of breath
  • Weakness and numbness in arms and hands
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Rest and reassure the casualty
  • Admin oxygen
  • They may have GTN medication which they can administer themselves as a tablet, spray or skin patch.
  • inform the commander and seek medical assistance.
    NOTE: following medication/rest, pain should relieve within 3 minutes. If not, suspect heart attack.
    Could be ANGINA
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11
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • paralysis on one side of the body
  • drooling and difficulty with speech
  • loss of bladder/bowl control
  • vomiting
  • alteration of consciousness
  • pupils unequal size
  • irregular breathing and slow bounding pulse
  • visual disturbances.
  • headache
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Admin oxygen
  • if conscious, sit, if unconscious, recovery position.
  • reassure and keep warm
  • inform commander and seek medical assistance.

Could be STROKE

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12
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Increased effort in breathing
  • Rapid breathing (more than 25 breaths per minute)
  • Wheezing
  • Rapid pulse
  • Blueness of the core, lips and tongue.
  • restlessness, drowsiness, confusion
  • inability to complete a sentence in one breath.
A

-DR ABC DE
-Admin oxygen
- reassure, calm, loosen restrictive clothing
- Sit casualty upright, leaning slightly forward with arms raised.
- Casualty can admin their own inhailer
- Inform commander, seek medical assistance.
Could be ASTHMA

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13
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Increased breathing rate
  • tingling in hands and feet
  • agitation
  • claw-like hands
  • flushed appearance
  • feels light headed/dizzy
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Calm and reassure
  • Instruct to relax and slow breathing
  • encourage them to talk
  • if you think the hyperventilation is NOT caused by anxiety, then give oxygen.
  • inform the commander and seek medical assistance
    Could be HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME
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14
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Hunger and headache
  • Confusion
  • Drunk like
  • Skin is pale and clammy
  • Breathing is rapid
  • possible seizure and coma
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Calm and reassure
  • Give glucose orally (four sugars in warm water)
  • After recovery, give carbohydrates (bread/biscuits)
  • Inform commander and seek medical assistance if necessary.
    Could be DIABETIC HYPO
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15
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Extreme thirst
  • Lethargy and drowsiness
  • Skin is warm and dry
  • breathing is deep and rapid (sweet smelling breath)
  • Pulse is rapid
  • Possible coma
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Calm and reassure
  • Give non-sugary drinks
  • They can admin their own insulin
  • inform commander and seek medical help if necessary.
    Could be DIABETIC HYPER
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16
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Blank look and stare
  • Blinking or fluttering eyelids
  • twitching of limbs
  • Strange sensations
  • Lip smacking
  • Plucking at clothing or fiddling with objects
A
  • Seat away from danger, make comfortable.
  • Speak calmly and gently
  • make comfortable and protect head
  • After the seizure has ended, stay with them and reassure.

MINOR EPILEPSY

17
Q

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS

  • Person becomes rigid, may cry out, falls to ground and has jerking movements
  • breathing is slow, they may turn blue
  • incontinence may occur
  • convulsions usually stop after a few minutes
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Loosen tight clothing, remove glasses
  • only move casualty if they are in a dangerous place
  • remove anything that might cause a danger
  • if seated, loosely fasten seat belt.
  • if fit is longer than 5 minutes, give oxygen.
  • When convulsions have stopped, if still unconscious put the casualty into recovery position
  • seek diversion and medical help if it’s the casualty’s first seizure, or if the duration lasts 2 minutes longer than usual, or over 5 mins, or if casualty suffers recurrent fits, or if they have injured themselves, or if they’re having breathing difficulties.
    MAJOR EPILEPSY
18
Q 
SIGNS and SYMPTOMS
If an infant has:
- hot flushed skin
- stiffness or jerking movements
- abnormal eye movements
- breath holding
- drooling
A
  • DR ABC DE
  • Remove all clothing including nappy
  • Move to a cool environment
  • inform the commander and seek medical assistance

Could be infantile convulsions due to high body temperature.

First Aid (9 decks)

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