Signs and Symptoms of Renal Disease Flashcards
Name some signs and symptoms of renal disease
Tiredness
Trouble sleeping
Dry and itchy skin
Nocturia/increased urination frequency
Haematuria
Urine is foamy
Persistant puffiness around eyes
Swollen feet and ankles
Poor appetite
Muscles are cramping
Why might a patient with kidney disease be tired
Decreased kidney function causes toxins and impurities to build up in the blood leading to tiredness, weakness and difficulty concentrating
Why might a patient with kidney disease have dry and itchy skin
When kidneys can no longer keep the right balance of minerals and nutrients in the blood, mineral and bone diseases occur which can be seen as dry and itchy skin
Why might a patient have haematuria
If glomeruli are damaged
Can be indicative of malignany, kidney stones or infection
Why might a patient have increased frequency of urination or have nocturia
When glomeruli are damaged there can be an increased urge to urinate
Can be a sign of UTI or enlarged prostate
Why might patients with kidney disease have muscle cramping
Electrolyte imblance caused by impaired kidney function can contribute to muscle cramping
Why might patients with kidney disease have swollen feet and ankles
Imparied kidney function leads to Na retention causing swelling
May be a sign of heart disease, liver disease or chronic leg vein problems
What affects does ureamia have in the body and what are the symptoms of ureamia
Ureamia impairs host defences, especially leukocyte function and causes defective platelet function increasing risk and tendency of haemorrhage
Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weight loss, muscle cramps, pruritis, mental status changes
What are the signs and symptoms of hypovolaemia
Pale
Tired
Thready pulse or no peripheral pulse
Little urine output
Tachycardia
Confusion
Cold skin
Dry mucosal membranes -> no saliva
Increased capillary refill time
What features of a history would suggest a patient had renal artery stenosis
Hypertension
High blood pressure starting before 30 or beginning after 50
Worsening kidney function during treatment for hypertension
Fluid overload and oedema
Proteinuria
