Signs

Question 1

A more specific finding in acute pulmonary embolism is right ventricular free wall hypokinesis with preserved apical function.

Answer 1

McConnell sign

Question 2

 can be seen with small bowel obstruction due to prominent plicae circulares, representing piano keys, silhouetted against small bowel contents

Answer 2

Piano key sign

Question 3

Wall-Echo-Shadow sign

Caused by gallbladder that is totally contracted around a large stone or a large group of stones

Appears as a curvilinear hyperechoic line

Most common reason for missing gallstones

Distinguish from porcelain/emphysematous gallbladder by bile line

Answer 3

WES sign

Question 4

change in size of IVC on abdominal US with breathing

Answer 4

Sniff sign

Question 5

Vitreous hemorrhage

Answer 5

Washing machine sign

Question 6

Midgut volvulus

Answer 6

Whirlpool sign

Question 7

Lung sliding seen on the M (motion) mode images appears as the sea-shore sign in which the pleura and the overlying structures appear as horizontal echogenic lines, while the underlying lung gives a grainy/sandy appearance.

Answer 7

Seashore sign

Question 8

Also called stratosphere sign

If lung sliding is absent, it will appear on the M-mode images as uniform horizontal straight lines known as the stratosphere sign or the barcode sign, where the grainy/sandy appearance is not seen due to the absence of motion. The stratosphere sign suggests pneumothorax as a probable cause 

Answer 8

Barcode sign 

Question 9

Double barrel or shotgun sign is seen when the common bile duct is dilated and lying adjacent to the aorta, creating the appearance of a shotgun barrel.
Indicates CBD obstruction. 


Answer 9

Double barrel sign 

Question 10

Indicates dilation of the gallbladder, either from obstruction or typically in children can be seen with Kawasaki disease. Named after the shape of the Courvoisier liquor bottle 

Answer 10

Courvoisier sign 

Question 11

static sonographic sign of lung consolidation. Consolidated lung tissue appears as a subpleural hypoechoic region that has an irregular (shredded) deep border (fractal line) abutting normally aerated lung, which has echogenic artifacts

Answer 11

Shred sign


Question 12

Fluid or consolidation in the inferior pleural space.

The spine continues to be projected superior to the diaphragm

Answer 12

Spine sign

Question 13

Describe the appearance of the portal triad on ultrasound


Answer 13

Mickey Mouse sign

Question 14

refers to the characteristic appearance of the pleural line (which represents the parietal pleura) along with the adjacent ribs. The ribs resemble the wings of the bat, while the pleural line which lies about half a centimetre below the ribs mimics the body of the bat.
Absent when SQ emphysema is present.

Answer 14

Bat wing sign 

Question 15

Indicates plural effusion 

Answer 15

Jellyfish sign

Question 16

A-line pattern is seen moving in and out of the field of view with respiration obscuring the diaphragm and liver

–> indicates normal lung and lung sliding in the posterior lateral lung area

Answer 16

Lung curtain sign 

Question 17

Circumscribed free fluid between bowel loops that should raise concern for bowel strangulation

Answer 17

Tanga sign

Question 18

Testicular torsion

Answer 18

Snail sign

Question 19

Can be used to describe either intussusception or appendicitis

Answer 19

Target sign

Question 20

Hepatic congestion

Answer 20

Playboy Bunny sign

Question 21

Papilledema

Answer 21

Crescent sign

Question 22

Aortic valve in PSAX

Answer 22

Mercedes Benz sign

Question 23

Retrobulbar hematoma

Answer 23

Guitar pick sign