significance testing

Question 1

sampling Error

Answer 1

We try to estimate the population means using sample but there are likely to be errors as the sample may be slightly different
sample mean - population mean = sampling error

Question 2

Multiple samples

Answer 2

-taking an average across multiple samples lowers the sampling error

Question 3

small sample sizes

Answer 3

Likely that:
-most ppts score above or below the population mean
-more likely to get a skewed representation/sample mean
sampling error is higher
sample means are varied

Question 4

large sample sizes

Answer 4

Likely that :
-some ppts score above + below mean
sampling error lower
sample means relatively Stable
Better estimate of the population mean

Question 5

Type 1 Error

Answer 5

false pos
claim I V influences DV when it doesn’t in reality
reject the null hypothesis when its true

Question 6

Type 2 Error

Answer 6

false neg
claim I V doesn’t influence the DV when it does in reality
Null hypothesis is not rejected when it should be

Question 7

Hypothesis Testing

Answer 7

inferential statistics are about the probability that you would find your results if the null hypothesis is true in reality
-If in reality your I v has no effect on DVV
-probability that your results is due to chance

Question 8

probability (p)values

Answer 8

probability of getting your results by chance = represented by a p value
smaller the p value smaller chance of type error/ results due to chance

Question 9

Alpha level

Answer 9

= 0.05
Low probability of a chance result means your I V probably did affect your DV

Question 10

significant = p < 0. 05

Answer 10

Reject null hypothesis

Question 11

Non-significant = p>0.05

Answer 11

fail to reject the null hypothesis

Question 12

2 tailed hypothesis

Answer 12

predict theres a difference ut don’t state the direction