Correlations

Question 1

what is a correlation?

Answer 1

• looking at relationship between variables

Question 1

POs relationship

Answer 1

• If you scone high on 1 variable you will score high on another
• Age + Height

Question 2

Neg relationship

Answer 2

• If you score high on 1 variable you will score low on another
• Number of stressors + how well you feel

Question 3

The statistic

Answer 3

• Pearson’s Product Moment correlation coefficient
• Tells US strength + direction of relationship

Question 4

strength of relationship

Answer 4

• r = 0 means there is no relationship
• +0.1 = small effect
• • 0.3 = medium effect
• • 0.5 = large effect

Question 5

significance

Answer 5

• NulL hypothesis is that correlation is 0
• If p is less than 0.05 reject the null hypothesis

Question 6

causality

Answer 6

• doesn’t imply causation
• unsure of the direction of causation

Question 7

Assumptions

Answer 7

• Linearity- straight line, no curves
• Normally distributed variables

Question 8

Non-parametric methods

Answer 8

• spearman’s correlation coefficient: best with large data sets, no normality assumption
• Kendall’s tau : small data sets