Significance/Importance/Influence - Limitations of Significance/Importance/Influence Flashcards
DEVELOPMENT:
- French Revolution 1789
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Caused fear of a Revolution in Britain
- Gave momentum to radicalism in Britain
- Revolutionary literature and societies
- c.170 Pitt’s policies changed from Reform to Repression
DEVELOPMENT:
- French Revolution 1789
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Didn’t create radicalism in Britain
- Hindered Parliamentary Reform
- No Revolution in Britain
DEVELOPMENT:
- Pitt and Radicalism in the 1790’s
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
Radicalism in 1790s:
- Led to Pitt’s Reign of Terror
- Spread radical ideas e.g. Thomas Paine
- Radical groups e.g. LCS - wanted universal male suffrage etc
- Protests e.g. naval mutiny, Black Lamp, Attack on the King’s Coach, unrest in Ireland etc
Pitt:
- Pitt’s Reign of Terror - Intimidation, Legislation + Propaganda. Suspension of Habeas Corpus, Two Acts, Treason Trials etc.
DEVELOPMENT:
- Pitt and Radicalism in the 1790’s
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Negative impact on Parliamentary Reform
- Popular protests didn’t achieve anything
- Pitt’s repression didn’tt stop radicalism, simply drove it ‘underground’
- No Parliamentary Reform
DEVELOPMENT:
- Radicalism 1815-20 and Liverpool’s Response
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
Radicalism:
- Popular protests e.g. Peterloo = Six Acts
- Spa Field Riots = Seditious Meetings Act
Liverpool:
- Use of spies, informers and agent provocateurs, Govt repression
- Maintain law and order
- Some reforms 1819
- Prevented a Revolution?
DEVELOPMENT:
- Radicalism 1815-20 and Liverpool’s Response
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Govt sometimes made things worse
- Popular protests didn’t ahcieve anything
- Liverpool simply following example set by Pitt
- No Parliamentary Reform
DEVELOPMENT:
- Tory Reforms 1820s
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Economic Reforms: Move towards free trade
- Home Office Reforms: Metropolitan Police Act
- Trade Union: Repeal of the Combination Acts = effectively legalized T/Us
- Religious Reforms: Catholic Emancipation, settled long running issue = opened the way for Parliamentary Reform
DEVELOPMENT:
- Tory Reforms 1820s
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Economic: Free Trade not fully achieved
- Home Office: Simpy making system more efficient + Jails Act limited
- T/U: Amending Act = strikes difficult
- Religious: Change in property qualification in Irish counties
DEVELOPMENT:
- Catholic Emancipation
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Reform settled a long running issue i.e. since Union of Great Britain and Ireland in 1801
- Pitt the Younger’s failure to get Catholic Emancipation Passed in 1801 saw the issue continue unresolved
- Influential as it was passed by a Tory Government which was traditionally anti-Catholic
- Resolved a situation that could have led to potential civil war in Ireland e.g. Daniel O’Connell’s election but he was unable to take up his seat
- Opened the way for Parliamentary Reform in 1832
- Led to a split in the Tory Party and their ultimate collapse
DEVELOPMENT:
- Catholic Emancipation
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Changes to the voting qualification in Irish counties from £2 to £10 meant that the influence Catholic voters was reduced
- Catholic Emancipation should have gained the Tory Govt the thanks of Catholics in Ireland, but changes to voting qualification prevented this
DEVELOPMENT:
- 1830 Election
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Ended a long period of Tory rule
- Saw the Whigs returned to power for the first time in a generation
- Opened up the possibility for Parliamentary Reform
DEVELOPMENT:
- 1830 Election
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Whigs, after winning 1830 election, didn’t always live up to their promise
DEVELOPMENT:
- Growth of the Parliamentary Reform Movement
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Culminated in 1832 Reform Act
- identified the need for change and flaws in the system
- Increasing influence of the M/C
- Radical Press e.g. John Wilkes, William Cobbett
DEVELOPMENT:
- Growth of the Parliamentary Reform Movement
LIMITATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Took many years to achieve 1832 Reform Act
- All aims not achieved in 1832
DEVELOPMENT:
- 1832 Reform Act
SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE/INFLUENCE:
- Changed system for first time since mind C17th
- Extended the franchise i.e. M/C vote
- Gave representation to industrial town
- Contributed to the decline of the Tories
- Contributed to revival of Whigs
- Days of May protests
- Strengthened Commons and weakened Crown
