Signal Transduction Flashcards

1
Q

steroid hormones

A

intracellular receptors, lipophilic, can pass through membrane unaided
FOUND IN CYTOPLASM

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2
Q

cell surface receptors

A

embedded in plasma membrane of cell and face extracellular space

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3
Q

intracellular/ nuclear receptors

A

found in cytoplasm/ nucleus, bind to membrane-soluble ligands

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4
Q

contact dependent

A

requires physical contact of the two cells

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5
Q

endocrine system

A

signal producing cells release signaling molecules that act on taget cells

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6
Q

paracrine

A

signal producing cells release signaling molecules that act on proximal target cells

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7
Q

synaptic

A

neurotransmitter signaling @ synapses

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8
Q

phosphorylation=

A

on

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9
Q

dephosphorylation=

A

off

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10
Q

receptor tyrosine kinases

A

largest class of enzyme coupled receptors
most extracellular signals for growth, survival, and proliferation

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11
Q

SH2 domain

A

recognizes phosphorylated tyrosines
bind phosphorylated tyrosines

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12
Q

general mechanism enzyme coupled receptors

A

ligand binds, bringing subunits together=dimerization
-leads to phosphorylation of tyrosines on RTK

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13
Q

GTP

A

on

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14
Q

GDP

A

off

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15
Q

phosphorylated PKB

A

increases glcose uptake and glycogen synthesis

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16
Q

RTKs activating PI3

A

induces protein synthesis to regulate glucose transport and glycogen synthesis
-PI3 activated instead of RAS

17
Q

receptor serine/threonine kinases

A

TGF-B binds, dimerization/ phosphorylation occurs
-SMAD complex moves to nucleus and regulates gene expression
-SMAD is mediator !!

18
Q

cytokine receptors

A

DO NOT HAVE INTRINSIC KINASE ACTIVITY
associated w JAK kinase
receptors for signaling molecules that control growth and differentiation of leukocytes

19
Q

JAK

A

tyrosine kinase, recruits STAT

20
Q

STAT

A

mediator of signal for cytokine receptors

21
Q

TNF receptors inactive when

A

if ligand absent, Ikb binds NFKb= inactive

22
Q

thyroid hormones

A

FOUND IN NUCLEUS

23
Q

An inhibitor of RAF would prevent the activation of what molecule

A

MEK