Sideroblastic Anaemia Flashcards
1
Q
what is sideroblastic anaemia?
A
uncommon differenital diagnosis for microcytic anaemia, and it is commonly mistaken for iron deficiency anaemia
2
Q
what is the pathophysiology of sideroblastic anaemia?
A
- ineffective erythropoiesis
- increased iron absorption and deposition within the bone marrow
- sideroblastic inclusions and hemosiderosis of the liver, heart and endocrine organs
3
Q
what is seen on blood film in sideroblastic anaemia?
A
sideroblastic inclusions within the red blood cell cytoplasm
4
Q
what are the clinical features of sideroblastic anaemia?
A
- microcytic anaemia refractory to intensive iron therapy
- atypically high serum ferritin and iron
5
Q
what are the congenital causes of sideroblastic anaemia?
A
x-linked, recessive or dominant
6
Q
what are the acquired causes of sideroblastic anaemia?
A
- drug/toxin related - chronic alcohol abuse, lead poisoning, isoniazid use
- myelodysplastic syndromes
isoniazid = TB medication
7
Q
what are the characteristic features of lead poisoning?
A
- abdominal pain
- motor peripheral neuropathy
- paraesthesia
- bowel disturbance
- confusion/personality change
- metallic taste in mouth
- haemolysis - dark urine and pallor
- blue lines on gums
- metaphysial lines on radiograph
