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Sem. B - Pharmacology > Side Effects > Flashcards

Side Effects Flashcards

Learn the side effects of LAS specific drugs

1
Q

Amiodarone Hydrochloride

A
  • Bradycardia
  • Vasodilation causing hypotension, flushing
  • Bronchospasm
  • Arrhythmias - Torsades de pointes
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2
Q

Aspirin

A
  • Increased risk of gastric bleeding
  • Wheezing in some asthmatics
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3
Q

Atropine Sulfate

A
  • Dry mouth
  • Visual blurring
  • Pupil dilation
  • Confusion and occasional hallucinations
  • Tachycardia
  • Do not use small (<100mcg) doses as they may cause paradoxical bradycardia
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4
Q

Benzylpenicillin Sodium

A

None listed

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5
Q

Adrenaline 1:1000

A

None listed

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6
Q

Adrenaline 1:10,000

A

None listed

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7
Q

Chlorphenamine

A
  • Sedation
  • Dry mouth
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
  • Urinary retention
  • Psychomotor impairment
  • Gastrointestinal disturbance
  • Convulsions(rare)

Children and elderly more likely to suffer side-effects

Warn anyone receiving chlorphenamine against driving or undertaking any other complex psychomotor task, due to the sedative and psychomotor side-effects

With the IV preparation, transient hypotension, central nervous system stimulation and irritant effects

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8
Q

Dexamethasone

A
  • Gastro intestinal upset
  • Hypersensitivity anaphylactic reaction
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9
Q

Diazepam

A
  • Respiratory/cardiovascular depression, especially in presence of alcohol or opioid drugs
  • Hypotension, particularly if pt moved from supine position
  • Light-headedness
  • Unsteadiness
  • Drowsiness
  • Confusion
  • Amnesia
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10
Q

Glucose 40% (oral gel)

A

None listed

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11
Q

Glucagon

A
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain in adults
  • Diarrhoea in children
  • Hypokalaemia
  • Hypotension in adults
  • Acute hypersensitivity reaction (rare)
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12
Q

Glucose 10%

A

None listed

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13
Q

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN)

A
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Hypotension
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14
Q

Hydrocortisone

A
  • Stinging or burning sensations
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15
Q

Ibuprofen

A
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Tinnitus
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16
Q

Ipratromium Bromide

A
  • Nausea
  • Dry mouth(common)
  • Tachycardia/arrhythmia
  • Paroxysmal tightness of the chest
  • Allergic reaction
17
Q

Morphine Sulfate

A
  • Respiratory depression
  • Cardiovascular depression
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Drowsiness
  • Pupillary constriction
18
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan)

A
  • In patients who are physically dependant on opioids, naloxone may precipitate violent withdrawal symptoms, including cardiac arrhythmias. It is better, in these cases, to titrate the dose of naloxone, effectively reversing the cardiac and respiratory depression, but still leaving the patient in a ‘groggy’ state, with regular reassessment of ventilation and circulation.
  • Vomiting
19
Q

Nitrous Oxide (Entonox)

A

Minimal side effects

20
Q

Ondansetron

A
  • Hiccups
  • Constipation
  • Flushing
  • Hypotension
  • Chest pain
  • Arrhythmias
  • Bradycardia
  • Headache
  • Seizures
  • Movement disorders
  • Injection site reactions
21
Q

Oxygen

A
  • Non-humidified O2 is drying and irritating to mucous membranes over a period of time
  • In patients with COPD there is a risk that even moderately high doses of inspired oxygen can produce increased CO2 levels which may cause respiratory depression, which could lead to respiratory arrest
22
Q

Paracetamol

A

…are extremely rare

Occasionally IV paracetamol may cause hypotension if administered too rapidly

23
Q

Salbutamol

A
  • Tremor (shaking)
  • Tachycardia
  • Palpitations
  • Headache
  • Feeling of tension
  • Peripheral vasodilation
  • Muscle cramps
  • Rash
24
Q

Sodium Chloride 0.9%

A
  • Over-infusion may precipitate pulmonary oedema and cause breathlessness
25
Q

Syntometrine

A
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Headache
  • Hypertension
  • Bradycardia
  • Chest pain
  • Anaphylactic reactions(rare)
26
Q

Tranexamic acid

A

Common:

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhoea

Serious:

  • Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis
  • Rapid injection may cause hypotension
  • Arterial or venous embolism at any site
27
Q

Midazolam (pt own)

A
  • Respiratory depression
  • Hypotension
  • Reduced level of consciousness leading to impaired airway control
  • Confusion leading to increased agitation
  • Amnesia in some pt

Sem. B - Pharmacology (5 decks)

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