Side Effects Flashcards
Learn the side effects of LAS specific drugs
Amiodarone Hydrochloride
- Bradycardia
- Vasodilation causing hypotension, flushing
- Bronchospasm
- Arrhythmias - Torsades de pointes
Aspirin
- Increased risk of gastric bleeding
- Wheezing in some asthmatics
Atropine Sulfate
- Dry mouth
- Visual blurring
- Pupil dilation
- Confusion and occasional hallucinations
- Tachycardia
- Do not use small (<100mcg) doses as they may cause paradoxical bradycardia
Benzylpenicillin Sodium
None listed
Adrenaline 1:1000
None listed
Adrenaline 1:10,000
None listed
Chlorphenamine
- Sedation
- Dry mouth
- Headache
- Blurred vision
- Urinary retention
- Psychomotor impairment
- Gastrointestinal disturbance
- Convulsions(rare)
Children and elderly more likely to suffer side-effects
Warn anyone receiving chlorphenamine against driving or undertaking any other complex psychomotor task, due to the sedative and psychomotor side-effects
With the IV preparation, transient hypotension, central nervous system stimulation and irritant effects
Dexamethasone
- Gastro intestinal upset
- Hypersensitivity anaphylactic reaction
Diazepam
- Respiratory/cardiovascular depression, especially in presence of alcohol or opioid drugs
- Hypotension, particularly if pt moved from supine position
- Light-headedness
- Unsteadiness
- Drowsiness
- Confusion
- Amnesia
Glucose 40% (oral gel)
None listed
Glucagon
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain in adults
- Diarrhoea in children
- Hypokalaemia
- Hypotension in adults
- Acute hypersensitivity reaction (rare)
Glucose 10%
None listed
Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN)
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Hypotension
Hydrocortisone
- Stinging or burning sensations
Ibuprofen
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Tinnitus
Ipratromium Bromide
- Nausea
- Dry mouth(common)
- Tachycardia/arrhythmia
- Paroxysmal tightness of the chest
- Allergic reaction
Morphine Sulfate
- Respiratory depression
- Cardiovascular depression
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Drowsiness
- Pupillary constriction
Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan)
- In patients who are physically dependant on opioids, naloxone may precipitate violent withdrawal symptoms, including cardiac arrhythmias. It is better, in these cases, to titrate the dose of naloxone, effectively reversing the cardiac and respiratory depression, but still leaving the patient in a ‘groggy’ state, with regular reassessment of ventilation and circulation.
- Vomiting
Nitrous Oxide (Entonox)
Minimal side effects
Ondansetron
- Hiccups
- Constipation
- Flushing
- Hypotension
- Chest pain
- Arrhythmias
- Bradycardia
- Headache
- Seizures
- Movement disorders
- Injection site reactions
Oxygen
- Non-humidified O2 is drying and irritating to mucous membranes over a period of time
- In patients with COPD there is a risk that even moderately high doses of inspired oxygen can produce increased CO2 levels which may cause respiratory depression, which could lead to respiratory arrest
Paracetamol
…are extremely rare
Occasionally IV paracetamol may cause hypotension if administered too rapidly
Salbutamol
- Tremor (shaking)
- Tachycardia
- Palpitations
- Headache
- Feeling of tension
- Peripheral vasodilation
- Muscle cramps
- Rash
Sodium Chloride 0.9%
- Over-infusion may precipitate pulmonary oedema and cause breathlessness
Syntometrine
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Chest pain
- Anaphylactic reactions(rare)
Tranexamic acid
Common:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
Serious:
- Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis
- Rapid injection may cause hypotension
- Arterial or venous embolism at any site
Midazolam (pt own)
- Respiratory depression
- Hypotension
- Reduced level of consciousness leading to impaired airway control
- Confusion leading to increased agitation
- Amnesia in some pt
