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Physical Geography - Hazards > Sichuan Earthquake > Flashcards

Sichuan Earthquake Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the date and time of the sichuan earthquake?

A

12th May 2008

14:28

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2
Q

What was the magnitude of the sichuan earthquake? How powerful were the largest aftershocks?

A

7.9 on the Richter Scale. Some aftershocks measured 6.

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3
Q

how deep was the focus of the sichuan earthquake

A

10km very shallow

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4
Q

How far was the epicentre of the sichuan earthquake from the nearest city?

A

92km for Chengdu

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5
Q

how many years had it been since the last earthquake in sichuan

A

75

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6
Q

Name the fault line along which the rupturing occurred, causing the earthquake. Sichuan

A

longmenshan

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7
Q

Describe the geology of the Sichuan Basin. How did this contribute to the impact of the earthquake?

A

unconsolidated so the ground was prone to liquefaction

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8
Q

What was the official death toll? What is the likely actual death toll? Sichuan

A

70k

87k

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9
Q

How many people were made homeless after the sichuan earthquake?

A

5 million

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10
Q

How many buildings collapsed in sichuan

A

21 million

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11
Q

how many people died in collapsed school buildings? Why? Sichuan

A

11,000

because it occurred in the earl afternoon when children were at school and school wasn’t earthquake proof

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12
Q

give at least one example of the impact on transport infrastructure in sichuan

A

5,000km of roads destroyed or damaged, several bridges damaged, railways destroyed by landslides, Chengdu Airport closed

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13
Q

give at least one example of public service buildings that were destroyed in sichuan

A

hospital

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14
Q

How many farm animals died in sichuan

A

32 million

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15
Q

What caused the release of toxic gas in Shifang?

A

two chemical factories

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16
Q

Why was flooding a problem after the sichuan earthquake

A

Rivers were damned by landslides creating 34 ‘quake lakes’- which threatened to break

17
Q

How many rescue workers were killed in landslides in the aftermath of the sichuan earthquake

A

158

18
Q

When had a seismic building design code been introduced? Why did many buildings not conform to the code? Sichuan

A

1976, many building were constructed before this

19
Q

although the emergency response was rapid what hampered rescue efforts? Sichuan

A

mountainous terrain, damaged roads and bridges

20
Q

how many troops were deployed to help in sichuan

A

240,000

21
Q

how many residents were evacuated in sichuan

A

250,00

22
Q

Give an example to show how quickly roads in the area were repaired in sichuan

A

By June roads to 248 out of 254 were back in use

23
Q

Did China ask for help to cope with the impacts of the quake?

A

Yes (unusually), foreign governments (Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Russia) and NGOs (Red Cross) sent aid

24
Q

Give at least one example of help given by the Chinese people.

A

100,000 people volunteered to help, they donated $1.5 billion, blood was also donated

25
Q

How has the chinese government responded to the widespread failure of schools to withstand the earthquake?

A

crack down on how schools were designed

26
Q

Why has the town of Beishuan still not been rebuilt? What has happened to the population?

A

Half the population died and 80% of the buildings collapsed, so it has been left as a memorial to those killed. The remaining population have been rehoused in a neighbouring town.

27
Q

What’s the link between the earthquake and China’s one-child-policy?

A

The policy was relaxed in Sichuan after the earthquake as many parents had lost their only child

28
Q

The 3 Ps are the key to reducing the impact of earthquakes. What do the 3 Ps stand for?

A

prediction
protection
prevention

29
Q

Give three features of an earthquake proof (life-safe) building design.

A

Rubber shock-absorbers at the base to, computer-controlled weights on the roof to reduce movement, interlocking steel frame (cross-bracing), automatic window shutters to prevent falling glass.

30
Q

How can school children and the public be prepared for future earthquakes?

A

regular earthquake drills

Physical Geography - Hazards (10 decks)

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