3.1.5.1 Flashcards
What are the six main types of natural hazard?
Flood Drought Volcano Earthquake Landslide/Avalance Tropical Storm
How can we categorise hazards?
Hydro-meteorological
Geophysical
What are the two types of geophysical hazards?
Tectonic
Geomorphological
how can a natural event turn into a hazard?
it has to effect people
what is the definition of a natural hazard?
a natural event or process that affects people e.g. loss of life, injury, economic loss, environment degradation
what is a disaster?
when a hazardous geophysical event effects a highly vulnerable population
what model shows a venn diagram showing what a disaster is?
Dregg Model
what does vulnerability mean?
community with the inability to cope with disaster
who are the most vulnerable people in the world?
LICs
children/old people
people who live in favelas - unstable hillslopes
people that live in bangladesh - low lying land
why do people remain at risk to hazards?
unpredictability
lack of alternatives
changing levels of risk
cost v benefit
what does risk mean?
the probability of a hazard event occurring and creating loss of lives and livelihoods
what is fatalism?
an attitude that nothing can be done to mitigate the outcome of hazards e.g. they are God’s will
why are risks getting worse in some countries?
frequency is increasing with climate change
unsustainable development leads to poor land use and environmental degradation
the capacity to cope is decreasing due to poverty and urbanisation
why are risks lower in more developed countries?
because they have resources and technology protection
what is perception?
what we believe of understand about something
what factors influence perception of hazard?
socio economic status level of education past experience religion/culture values/personality
what is an adaption perception of hazards?
people see that they can prepare and survive an event by prediction/prevention
what is a fearful perception of hazard?
people feel so vulnerable to an event that they can no longer face living there
what does the hazard management cycle show?
preparation
relief
rebuilding/rehabilitation
mitigation/prevention
what does the park model show?
the impact of a hazard on quality of life
how a place responds and recovers
what is risk sharing?
prearranged measures that aim to reduce loss of life and property for when a hazard strikes
e.g. insurance, public education, provision of emergency services, evacuation procedures
